Kusumawardhana, Galih. 2009. Refusal Strategies in Bargaining Used by Indonesian Chinese Buyers in Pasar Besar Market, Malang. S-1 Thesis, English Department, State University of Malang. Advisor: Dr. Nur Mukminatien, M.Pd
| Main Author: | Galih Kusuma Wardhana; Perpustakaan UM |
|---|---|
| Other Authors: | pasar besar market Malang |
| Format: | PeerReviewed |
| Bahasa: | eng |
| Terbitan: |
, 2009
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
http://karya-ilmiah.um.ac.id/index.php/sastra-inggris/article/view/2242 |
Daftar Isi:
- This study investigates refusal strategies in bargaining used by Indonesian Chinese buyers in Pasar Besar Market, Malang. It is focused on the classification of refusal strategies, the pattern of refusal strategies and the reason for applying such a kind of refusal strategies in the market environment. This study is descriptive qualitative and the data were collected from the conversations containing speech acts of refusal employed by Indonesian Chinese buyers as they were bargaining in Pasar Besar Market, Malang. In analyzing the data, direct and indirect categories of refusal based on Kartomihardjo (1993) and Beebe and Takahashi (1990) are combined into new categories namely using the word “No”, using positive expression, using regret expression, giving a reason/comment, using conditions/suggestion and using the word “thank you”. The findings show that both male and female respondents mostly used giving a reason/comment strategy in refusing price offered by the seller. This strategy occurred 51 times (37,22%). On the second place, the frequently used strategy was using condition/suggestion strategy. In order to lower the price, this strategy occurred 39 times (28,46%). The third place showed that there were two strategies with the same frequency namely using the word “No” and using the word “thank you”. These strategies occured 19 times (13,86%). The rest of the strategies were using regret expression and using positive expression. The former occurred 8 times (5,83%) and the latter occurred only once (0,72%). Based on the results, it is obvious that the respondents tended to be indirect in expressing refusals. Indirect refusal formulas such as giving reason, statement of regret, and statement of positive opinion, condition/suggestion, and thanking were more preferable than direct refusal formulas such as saying “No”. It is used since the respondents wanted to be polite by saving the sellers’ face. The respondents said something that lessened the possible threat to another’s face, and it is called a face-saving act. Furthermore, it was impossible for the sellers to lower the price if the buyers said something impolite in the bargaining, in this case refusing the price offered by the sellers.
- This study investigates refusal strategies in bargaining used by Indonesian Chinese buyers in Pasar Besar Market, Malang. It is focused on the classification of refusal strategies, the pattern of refusal strategies and the reason for applying such a kind of refusal strategies in the market environment. This study is descriptive qualitative and the data were collected from the conversations containing speech acts of refusal employed by Indonesian Chinese buyers as they were bargaining in Pasar Besar Market, Malang. In analyzing the data, direct and indirect categories of refusal based on Kartomihardjo (1993) and Beebe and Takahashi (1990) are combined into new categories namely using the word “No”, using positive expression, using regret expression, giving a reason/comment, using conditions/suggestion and using the word “thank you”. The findings show that both male and female respondents mostly used giving a reason/comment strategy in refusing price offered by the seller. This strategy occurred 51 times (37,22%). On the second place, the frequently used strategy was using condition/suggestion strategy. In order to lower the price, this strategy occurred 39 times (28,46%). The third place showed that there were two strategies with the same frequency namely using the word “No” and using the word “thank you”. These strategies occured 19 times (13,86%). The rest of the strategies were using regret expression and using positive expression. The former occurred 8 times (5,83%) and the latter occurred only once (0,72%). Based on the results, it is obvious that the respondents tended to be indirect in expressing refusals. Indirect refusal formulas such as giving reason, statement of regret, and statement of positive opinion, condition/suggestion, and thanking were more preferable than direct refusal formulas such as saying “No”. It is used since the respondents wanted to be polite by saving the sellers’ face. The respondents said something that lessened the possible threat to another’s face, and it is called a face-saving act. Furthermore, it was impossible for the sellers to lower the price if the buyers said something impolite in the bargaining, in this case refusing the price offered by the sellers.