Data from: Host-parasitoid evolution in a metacommunity
| Main Authors: | Start, Denon, Gilbert, Benjamin |
|---|---|
| Format: | info dataset Journal |
| Terbitan: |
, 2016
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
https://zenodo.org/record/4996606 |
Daftar Isi:
- Patch size and isolation are predicted to alter both species diversity and evolution; yet, there are few empirical examples of eco-evolutionary feedback in metacommunities. We tested three hypotheses about eco-evolutionary feedback in a gall-forming fly, Eurosta solidaginis and two of its natural enemies that select for opposite traits: (i) specialization and poor dispersal ability constrain a subset of natural enemies from occupying small and isolated patches, (ii) this constraint alters selection on the gall fly, causing phenotypic shifts towards traits resistant to generalist and dispersive enemies in small and isolated patches, and (iii) reduced dispersal evolves in small, isolated populations. We sampled patches in a natural metacommunity and found support for all hypotheses; Eurosta's specialist wasp parasitoid attacked fewer galls in small and isolated patches, generating a selection gradient that favoured small galls resistant to predation by a dispersive and generalist bird predator. Phenotype distributions matched this selection gradient, and these phenotypic differences were maintained in a common garden experiment. Finally, we found lower dispersal abilities in small and isolated patches, a phenotypic shift that aids in the maintenance of local adaptation. We suggest that the trophic rank and the species traits of consumers are central to evolution in metacommunities.
- eurosta.dispersal.data.Start&Gilbert2016Sheet 1 represents data on gall size and attack rates of natural enemies. Patch is a unique number for each patch of goldenrod. Distance is the distance in meter from the largest patch to the focal patch. Stems is the number of ramets of goldenrod in the focal patch. Gall is the number of galls in a particular patch. Fly is binary where 0 represents Eurosta having died for any reason whereas 1 represents Eurosta which survived. Larvae is the same as fly but replaces zeros with NAs when there is no gall present in the line. Bird is binary where 0=no and 1=yes bird attack. Mordellistena, eury.obs, and eury.gig represent attack by different parasitoid species and are coded identically to bird attack. Diameter is the maximum horizontal diameter of the gall in mm. Sheet 2 shows data on dispersal data for individual eurosta. Individual is a unique identifier for each individual Eurosta. Patch is the natal patch of the focal Eurosta. Stems and distance are as described above. Gall refers to the gall number in sheet 1. Time represents when the data on each individual was collect where 1,2,3, and 4 represent 2,4,6, and 24 hours after release respectively. Dispersal is the cumulative distance moved by that fly in meters.gall.attack.data.Start&Gilbert2016.xlsx