Maternal Micronutrient Deficiency during the First Trimester among Indonesian Pregnant Women Living in Jakarta
| Main Author: | Saptawati Bardosono; Department of Clinical Nutrition, FM Universitas Indonesia dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article application/x-download eJournal |
| Bahasa: | eng |
| Terbitan: |
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia
, 2016
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| Online Access: |
http://journal.ui.ac.id/index.php/eJKI/article/view/6281 |
Daftar Isi:
- Restricted fetal growth and development is supported by the adequacy of several micronutrients, andmostly by iron, zinc, calcium, folate and B12 vitamin. This study aims to evaluate the maternal micronutrientstatus from dietary intake and blood sample. A cross-sectional study as part of the micronutrient interventionstudy was carried out in 143 healthy pregnant women during their first visit to the two maternity clinics inJakarta Indonesia (August 2013 – July 2014). Twenty-four hour dietary recall and semi-quantitative foodfrequency questionnaire were used to collect micronutrient intake data, while standard laboratory procedureswere applied to analyze micronutrient status from the blood sample. The dietary assessment data showedinsufficiency of iron, zinc, calcium, vitamin D, folate and vitamin B12 intake (less than its RDA) among 88.8%,95.1%, 97.9%, 100%, 90% and 78.3%, respectively. In relation iron status, 11.2% of the subjects were anemicand 20.3% had low ferritin level. Zinc deficient was found among 35% of the subjects. Deficiency of calciumand vitamin D were found among 25.2% and 90.2% of the subjects, respectively. Furthermore, deficiency ofboth folate and vitamin B12 were found to be 2.8%. Nutrition counseling and education, and the provision ofmulti-micronutrient fortified food as well as multi-micronutrient supplement specifically designed for mothersshould be started in the earliest time, i.e. starting from the peri-conception period. Keywords: Indonesia, micronutrient, pregnancy Defisiensi Mikronutrien Maternal Selama Trimester Pertamapada Ibu Hamil di Jakarta Abstrak Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan janin didukung oleh kecukupan beberapa mikronutrien, terutama olehzat besi, seng, kalsium, folat dan vitamin B12. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengevaluasi status mikronutrienibu dari asupan makanan dan sampel darah. Penelitian cross-sectional ini bagian dari penelitian intervensimikronutrien dan melibatkan 143 wanita hamil sehat yang melakukan kunjungan pertama ke dua klinikbersalin di Jakarta Indonesia (Agustus 2013 - Juli 2014). Recall diet dua puluh empat jam dan kuesioner semikuantitatiffrekuensi makanan digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data asupan mikronutrien, sedangkan analisismikronutrien dari sampel darah menggunakan prosedur standar laboratorium. Hasil analisis menunjukkaninsufisiensi besi, seng, kalsium, vitamin D, folat dan vitamin B12 (lebih rendah dibandingkan RDA) yaitu88,8%, 95,1%, 97,9%, 100%, 90% dan 78,3%. Kaitannya dengan status besi, sebanyak 11,2% subjek anemiadan 20,3% memiliki tingkat feritin rendah. Kekurangan seng ditemukan sebanyak 35% subyek. Kekurangankalsium dan vitamin D ditemukan sebanyak 25,2% dan 90,2%. Sedangkan kekurangan folat dan vitamin B12keduanya ditemukan sebanyak 2,8%. Konseling gizi, edukasi, dan penyediaan makanan yang diperkayamikronutrien serta suplemen mikronutrien khusus ibu hamil harus mulai sedini mungkin yaitu mulai dariperiode peri-konsepsi. Kata kunci: Indonesia, mikronutrien, kehamilan