Production of Triacetin by Microwave Assisted Esterification of Glycerol Using Activated Natural Zeolite
| Main Authors: | Marwan, Marwan, Indarti, Eti, Darmadi, Darmadi, Rinaldi, Wahyu, Hamzah, Dzikri, Rinaldi, Taufik |
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| Other Authors: | Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education, Indonesia through the Higher Education Priority Research (PTUPT) Scheme (Grant Number 122/UN11.2/PP/SP3/2018) |
| Format: | Article info application/pdf Journal |
| Bahasa: | eng |
| Terbitan: |
Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University
, 2019
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
https://ejournal2.undip.ac.id/index.php/bcrec/article/view/4250 https://ejournal2.undip.ac.id/index.php/bcrec/article/view/4250/2922 https://ejournal2.undip.ac.id/index.php/bcrec/article/downloadSuppFile/4250/965 https://ejournal2.undip.ac.id/index.php/bcrec/article/downloadSuppFile/4250/966 |
Daftar Isi:
- Triacetin, an alternative biodiesel additive, was prepared by esterification of glycerol with acetic acid in the presence of chemically activated natural zeolite. The esterification was carried out in a small reaction flask under microwave irradiation. The catalyst was characterized for its morphology by SEM and its chemical composition by X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) micrograph indicates improved surface area of the zeolite, while the XRD analysis shows an increase in Si/Al ratio from natural zeolite to 6.042 and its crystallinity value of 12.23%. The Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) analysis obtained showed that microwave-heated samples have an esters group spectrum of triacetin at 1702 cm-1. The conversion value of glycerol was more than 95% at molar ratio of the reactants 1:9 and catalyst loading of 3%. The selectivities for monoacetin, diacetin and triacetin were 80.1%, 15.4%, and 4.5% at 60 minutes, and 43.0%, 48.6%, and 8.3% at 90 minutes. It shows that the conversion took place in consecutive steps and the use of microwave allows the reaction proceeding at milder condition. Copyright © 2019 BCREC Group. All rights reserved