Intra-operative Awareness in General Anesthesia and the Development of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
| Main Author: | Blandina, Maria |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article application/pdf eJournal |
| Terbitan: |
The Indonesian Journal of Anesthesiology and Critical Care
, 2011
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| Online Access: |
http://indonesia.digitaljournals.org/index.php/majacc/article/view/174 |
Daftar Isi:
- Intra operative awareness can be defined as the unexpected and explicit recall by patients of intra operative events that occur during general anesthesia. It is a complication of surgical general anesthesia that is often overlooked. Conscious awareness with explicit recall has been known to potentially result in severe long-term psychological sequel such as PTSD. The incidence rate for intra operative awareness in general surgical population varied between 0.10% and 1.0% (with an exception of 0.0068% incidence rate reported in one study). Larger percentages were estimated for patients undergoing cesarean sections and cardiac surgeries with incidence rates of 0.26% and 0.5%, respectively. The majority of cases were discovered within days or weeks after the operation and auditory perception was the most common complaint reported by patients in the studies. The incidence of PTSD following awareness was found inconclusive due to the limited number of studies investigating psychological sequel of intra operative awareness and conflicting results between the studies performed. Awareness detection should be included in clinical routines with the aim of improving anesthetic practice and postoperative professional psychiatric assessment and follow-up should be established as standard practice for those in need of further assistance after experiencing intra operative awareness. Keywords: general anesthesia, sequel, psychological; post-traumatic stress disorder; awareness, intra operative; incidence.