ANALYSIS OF GENETIC DIVERSITY OF HYBRID MAIZE (Zea mays L.) VARIETIES USING RAPD (RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA) MARKERS
| Main Authors: | Rahardja, Viryanando Evan, Pharmawati, Made, Gari, Ni Made |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article info application/pdf eJournal |
| Bahasa: | eng |
| Terbitan: |
Jurusan Biologi Universitas Udayana
, 2022
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| Online Access: |
https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/simbiosis/article/view/81824 https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/simbiosis/article/view/81824/46258 |
Daftar Isi:
- Analisis keragaman genetik sangat penting dalam perakitan tanaman jagung (Zea mays L) hibrida. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis keragaman genetik dari enam varietas jagung menggunakan teknik PCR-RAPD (Polymerase Chain Reaction- Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA). Varietas jagung hibrida yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah varietas jagung Srikandi, Arumba, Mira, Magenta, dan Simba. Varietas jagung lokal yang berasal dari Pulau Rote, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur digunakan sebagai pembanding. Benih ditanam untuk pengamatan karakteristik morfologi dan sampel ekstraksi DNA. DNA diekstraksi dengan metode CTAB dan PCR-RAPD dilakukan menggunakan 3 primer. Ukuran produk PCR ditentukan menggunakan kertas semilog. Keragaman genetik antar varietas dianalisis menggunakan program MVSP (Multi-Variate Statistical Package) dengan metode UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean). Hasil PCR-RAPD memberikan jumlah pita DNA sebanyak 28 dengan ukuran 310 bp hingga 1550 bp bp dan menghasilkan 23 pita polimorfik. Berdasarkan dendrogram yang dihasilkan dari PCR-RAPD, terdapat satu klaster yang terdiri atas varietas Rote, Srikandi, Arumba, Mira, dan Magenta, serta satu klaster lain yang terdiri atas varietas Simba. Varietas lokal Rote dan varietas hibrida Srikandi memiliki jarak genetik terdekat, sementara varietas Simba memiliki jarak genetik terjauh.
- Analysis of genetic diversity is essential in developing hybrid maize (Zea mays L) varieties. The purpose of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity of six maize varieties using the PCR-RAPD (Polymerase Chain Reaction-Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) technique. Hybrid maize varieties used in this study were Srikandi, Arumba, Mira, Magenta, and Simba. A local maize variety originating from Rote Island, East Nusa Tenggara Province was used as a comparison. Seeds were planted for the observation of morphological characteristics such as roots, leaves, and stems, as well as DNA extraction samples. DNA was extracted using the CTAB method and PCR-RAPD was performed using 3 primers. The size of the PCR product was determined using semilog paper. Genetic diversity between varieties were analyzed using the MVSP (Multi-Variate Statistical Package) program with the UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean) method. The results of PCR-RAPD gave 28 DNA bands with sizes ranging from 310 bp to 1550 bp and produced 23 polymorphic bands. Based on the dendrogram resulting from PCR-RAPD data, there was one cluster consisting of Rote, Srikandi, Arumba, Mira, and Magenta varieties, as well as another cluster consisting of only the Simba variety. The local variety of Rote and the hybrid variety of Srikandi have the closest genetic distance, while the Simba variety has the farthest genetic distance from the other five varieties.