Hipertensi Patogenesis, Patofisiologi dan Komplikasinya
| Main Author: | Mawi, Martiem |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article PeerReviewed Book |
| Bahasa: | ind |
| Terbitan: |
Kopertis Wilayah III Jakarta
, 2000
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
http://libprint.trisakti.ac.id/354/1/Mawi-2000.pdf http://libprint.trisakti.ac.id/354/ |
Daftar Isi:
- Hypertension, defined in simple terms, means that the blood circu lates through the arteries at a pres sure which is higher than ncrmal. Pressure in the arteries is deter mined by a number of factors, begin ning with the contraction of the heart it self , the source of the energy that makes blood circulate through the body. Hypertension is an important public health problem in all industri alized societies because it is so widespread and because it leads to disability and in many cases to pre mature death. Essential, primary, or idiopathic hypertension is arterial hypertension of unknown causing over 95 percent of all cases of arte rial hypertension . Secondary hyper tension is arterial hypertension of known cause like renal (chronic nephritis), endocrine (primary aldo steronism) , pregnancy-induced hy pertension and coarctation of the aorta. Hypertension is a major risk for heart attacks and strokes, it is impli cated in a variety of kidney disorders. Evidence available at present indi cates that diseases of the arteries and arterioles are the result of high pressure within blood vessels. The goal of antihypertensive therapy is to reduce overall cardio vascular risk. Antihypertensive treatment is indicated in patients with diastolic blood pressure mea surements of 95 mmHg or higher who are at high risk of developing cardiovascular morbidity or mor tality. Non pharmacologic therapies are weight reduction, alcohol res triction, ecercise, dietary sodium re striction, dietary calcium supplemen tation, dietary potassium supple mentation, smoking cessation and caffeine restriction.