Evaluation of Endophytic Fungi from Rubber Plant to Control Colletotrichum gloeosporioides as Pathogen of Colletotrichum Leaf Falls Disease
| Main Authors: | Harni, Rita; (Phytopathology), (Scopus ID: 57196435496 / h-index : 1), Scholar Google H-index: 12; i10 index 16), Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi, Indonesia, Khaerati, Khaerati; Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar, Wardiana, Edi; Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar |
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| Other Authors: | Badan Litbang Pertanian, Mantri, Anisa Solehah, Euis |
| Format: | Article info application/pdf eJournal |
| Bahasa: | ind |
| Terbitan: |
Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan
, 2021
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
http://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/bultri/article/view/13677 http://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/bultri/article/view/13677/9985 |
Daftar Isi:
- Colletotrichum leaf fall disease caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is an important disease in rubber plants. The C. gloeosporioides Infection can reduce production by 7%-45%. Controlling the pathogen using endophytic fungi is very promising because it can suppress inoculum and pathogen colonization, induce plant resistance, and trigger plant growth. The study aimed to evaluate the endophytic fungus isolate from rubber to control C. gloeosporioides as a pathogen that caused the rubber leaf fall disease. This research was carried out in the laboratory and greenhouse of the Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crop Research Institute (IIBCRI), Sukabumi, from March to November 2018. The isolates used were endophytic fungi isolates from rubber plants, which were tested for their inhibition against C. gloeosporioides in vitro on rubber leaves and seedlings, and their mechanism. The variable observed were the inhibition rate, incubation periods, number of spots, disease severity, and plant growth. The results showed that the endophytic fungus could inhibit the growth of C. gloeosporioides about 64.17% - 86.67%. The high inhibitory activity (>80%) in isolates CEPR.19, CEPR.6, CEBPM.21, DTJE.1, and DMJE27 were 86.67%; 83.33%; 83.33%; 82.92%, and 82.50%, respectively. The observations on seedlings obtained three potential fungal isolates to control C. gloeosporioides on rubber leaves, namely CEBPM.21, CEPR19, and DTJE.1 with suppression of disease severity about 68.57%; 67.88%, and 60.20% with their mechanisms of action inducing resistance, antibiosis, competition, and hyperparasites.
- Penyakit gugur daun Colletotrichum yang disebabkan oleh Colletotrichum gloeosporioides merupakan penyakit penting pada tanaman karet. Akibat infeksi C. gloeosporioides dapat menurunkan produksi 7%-45%. Pengendalian menggunakan cendawan endofit sangat menjanjikan karena dapat menekan inokulum dan kolonisasi patogen, menginduksi ketahanan tanaman, dan dapat memicu pertumbuhan tanaman. Tujuan penelitian mengevaluasi beberapa isolat cendawan endofit asal karet dalam mengendalikan C. gloeosporioides patogen penyebab gugur daun Colletotrichum. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium dan rumah kaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar (Balittri), Sukabumi, mulai Maret sampai November 2018. Isolat cendawan endofit dari tanaman karet diuji daya hambat dan mekanisme kinerjanya terhadap C. gloeosporioides secara in vitro di laboratorium dan pada bibit karet di rumah kaca. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap daya hambat, masa inkubasi, jumlah bercak, keparahan penyakit, dan pertumbuhan tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cendawan endofit secara in vitro mampu menekan pertumbuhan C. gloeosporioides dengan daya hambat sebesar 64,17% - 86,67%. Isolat yang memiliki daya hambat tinggi (>80%) adalah CEPR.19, CEPR.6, CEBPM.21, DTJE.1, dan DMJE.27. Hasil pengamatan pada bibit karet diperoleh tiga isolat yang potensial mampu mengendalikan C. gloeosporioides yaitu CEBPM.21, CEPR.19, dan DTJE.1 dengan penekanan keparahan penyakit berturut-turut sebesar 68,57%; 67,88%, dan 60,20% dengan mekanisme kerjanya menginduksi ketahanan, antibiosis, kompetisi, dan hiperparasit.