Pola spasial teritori pada lanskap-hunian masyarakat Peladang Desa Juruan Laok Madura Timur
| Main Authors: | Febrianto, Redi Sigit , Wulandari, Lisa Dwi , Santosa, Herry |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article info application/pdf eJournal |
| Bahasa: | ind |
| Terbitan: |
Program Studi Arsitektur Fakultas Teknik Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira
, 2017
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
https://journal.unwira.ac.id/index.php/ARTEKS/article/view/41 https://journal.unwira.ac.id/index.php/ARTEKS/article/view/41/24 |
Daftar Isi:
- The Madurese community is known as an individual, independent and subsistent corn farming community, identified as having three main territories: residential territory, open space territory and agricultural landscape territory. The distance between clusters of distant residential causes is referred to as individual society as well as independent. The dependence of life on crops causes the distance of dwelling with the agricultural landscape so close that it is called subsistence society. Land-based economic morality, due to the persistence of maintaining spatial territory. So the fundamental question of research is how the third spatial pattern of territory in the village of Laok Madura Madura? The strategy used is ethnography, with qualitative research design. The main data collection methods were in-depth interviews, no open questions, with typical case sampling techniques in four occupancy based on five criteria: civitas, activity, shelter pattern, agricultural landscape pattern and artifacts existence of crop storage object. Internal validation in the form of observation, measurement and architectural documentation, caused by the characteristic of ethnic sub-ethnic of Madura, so that the head of village is not a source of internal validation, but the participant as the owner of the dwelling. The analysis is done by comparing with anthropological-architectural concept, human space concept, also with related theme study. The results obtained at least found the embodiment of the concept of spatial patterns called habitat. The concept of a spatial pattern called habitat consists of: place, environment and landscape. The arrangement of the three forms a hierarchical bubble that places in the environment, while place and environment are in the landscape. Referring to the concept of architectural-anthropological, the hierarchy of these three elements is referred to as: habitat.
- Masyarakat etnis Madura dikenal sebagai masyarakat peladang jagung yang individual, mandiri dan berpola subsistensi, diidentifikasi memiliki tiga teritori utama yaitu: teritori hunian, teritori ruang terbuka dan teritori lanskap pertanian. Jarak antar cluster hunian berjauhan menyebabkan disebut sebagai masyarakat individual sekaligus mandiri. Ketergantungan hidup terhadap hasil panen menyebabkan jarak hunian dengan lanskap pertaniannya sangat dekat sehingga disebut masyarakat subsistensi. Moral ekonomi berorientasi pada tanah (land ethics), karena kegigihan mempertahankan spasial teritorinya. Sehingga pertanyaan mendasar penelitian adalah bagaimana pola spasial ketiga teritori pada desa Juruan Laok Madura? Strategi yang digunakan adalah etnografi, dengan rancangan penelitian kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data utama berupa wawancara mendalam, tak-tik pertanyaan terbuka, dengan teknik sampling kasus tipikal pada empat hunian berdasarkan lima kriteria yaitu: civitas, aktivitas, pola hunian, pola lanskap pertanian dan eksistensi artefak berupa obyek penyimpanan panen. Validasi internal berupa observasi, pengukuran dan dokumentasi arsitektural, disebabkan sifat subsistensi etnis madura, sehingga kepala desa bukan nara sumber validasi internal, melainkan partisipan selaku pemilik hunian. Analisis dilakukan dengan mengkomparasi dengan konsep arsitektural-antropologis, konsep human space, juga dengan studi tema terkait. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah perwujudan konsep pola spasial yang disebut habitat. Konsep pola spasial yang disebut habitat ini terdiri dari : place, environment dan landscape. Susunan ketiganya membentuk satu gelembung hirarki yaitu place berada di dalam environment, sedangkan place dan environment berada di dalam landscape. Merujuk konsep dari arsitektural-antropologis, hirarki ketiga unsur ini disebut sebagai: habitat.