Akulturasi religi dalam arsitektur vernakular rumah Melayu Pontianak
| Main Authors: | Hidayat, Muhammad, Prayitno, Budi, Ratmi , Dwita Hadi |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article info application/pdf eJournal |
| Bahasa: | ind |
| Terbitan: |
Program Studi Arsitektur Fakultas Teknik Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira
, 2020
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
https://journal.unwira.ac.id/index.php/ARTEKS/article/view/405 https://journal.unwira.ac.id/index.php/ARTEKS/article/view/405/248 |
Daftar Isi:
- Religious acculturation in vernacular architecture in the Pontianak Malay house Since its founding, Pontianak has been a multicultural society which is, reflected by the embodiment of the acculturation of traditional house architecture found in the neighborhoods where the city was firstly established and still exist until today. The history this city shows, that multicultural has existed for a long time, as the result of cultural integration of certain ethnic groups in the early formation of the Pontianak sultanate. This research is intended to explore further, the religious acculturation that accompanies the embodiment of ethnic acculturation in the vernacular architecture of the Pontianak Malay house. In this city, Malay is an embodiment of inter-ethnic diaspora who share Islamic faith. This research is a qualitative-descriptive research with a case study approach that involve 30 selected samples. The analysis is based on the extent to which the strength of the religious system of each ethnicity involved in the process of acculturation, with reference to the history of the development of da'wah in Pontianak in particular and in West Kalimantan in general. The study uncovered that religious acculturation embodied in Pontianak Malay vernacular architecture represented the form of tolerance between Islamic religious groups of each ethnicity (acculturation-separative) and in the physical element of acculturation to show respects to the authority of the Bugeinese vernacular (integrative-assimilative acculturation). It is hoped that the results of this study will further enrich the main elements of the vernacular architecture of the Pontianak Malay house, and will further illustrate the richness of Pontianak Malay Culture.
- Sejak awal berdirinya kota, masyarakat Pontianak merupakan masyarakat multietnik yang multikultur, tercermin dari perwujudan akulturasi arsitektur rumah tradisionalnya yang tersebar di wilayah cikal bakal kota Pontianak, yang saat ini masih bisa dijumpai. Sejarah budaya multikultur sudah terjadi sejak masa awal terbentuknya kesultanan Pontianak, sebagaia wujud hasil integrasi budaya dari beragam etnis tertentu. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengkaji lebih jauh, tentang akulturasi religi yang menyertai perwujudan akulturasi etnik pada wujud arsitektur vernakular rumah Melayu Pontianak. Melayu di sini adalah sebuah perwujudan diaspora antar etnis yang memiliki kesamaan keyakinan iman Islam. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif-deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus atas 30 sampel terpilih. Analisis dilakukan didasarkan, sejauhmana kekuatan sistem religi dari tiap etnik yang berakulturasi, dengan merujuk pada sejarah perkembangan dakwah Islam di Pontianak khususnya dan di Kalimantan Barat pada umumnya. Penelitian menghasilkan temuan bahwa akulturasi religi dalam perwujudan arsitektur vernakular Melayu Pontianak terjadi dalam bentuk saling toleransi antar religiusitas Islam dari masing-masing etnik (akulturasi-separatif), dalam dasar wujud akulturasi elemen fisik yang bersifat menghargai otoritas vernakularitas Bugis (akulturasi integratif-asimilatif) dalam mewujudkan rumah Melayu Pontianak. Diharapkan hasil kajian ini makin memperkaya anasir utama tentang arsitektur vernakular rumah Melayu Pontianak, dan makin memberikan gambaran tentang kekayaan Budaya Melayu Pontianak.