Ranking of Causes of failure to infer implicature from TOEFL-like based on gender
| Main Author: | Arifuddin, Arifuddin |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article PeerReviewed Book |
| Bahasa: | eng |
| Terbitan: |
Academy Publishers
, 2014
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
http://eprints.unram.ac.id/13828/1/Ranking%20of%20causes.pdf.%20Arifuddin..pdf http://eprints.unram.ac.id/13828/ http://academy publication.com/tpls |
Daftar Isi:
- Abstract—Inferring implicature or pragmatic meaning from TOEFL-like relies on gender. The present study aims at exploring: 1) types of implicature question that male and female test-takers failed to answer and 2) causes of failure and their rankings. This case study involved six students. Data were collected with tests, retrospective report, inventory of causes of failure, interview, recording and analyzed with Mixed Methods. Some causes of failure and one type of implicature questions that male and female test-takers’ failed to answer are different. Males’ ranking is Pronunciation > Sentence Complexity > Cultural Value > Colloquial > Context ≈ Discourse Marker > Mishearing ≈ Speed Rate Delivery ≈ Gender; while females’ ranking is Cultural Value > Pronunciation > Sentence Complexity > Context > Discourse Marker > Colloquial. Based on the levels, the ranking is Male Low > Male Medium > Male High > Female Low > Female Medium ≈ Female High. Index Terms—implicature, TOEFL-like, gender, failure, ranking, discourse marker