Sunda Wiwitan Baduy: Agama Penjaga Alam Lindung di Desa Kenekes Banten
| Main Author: | Wahid, Masykur |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article info application/pdf |
| Bahasa: | eng |
| Terbitan: |
STAI ALHIKMAH Jakarta
, 2020
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| Online Access: |
http://journal.alhikmahjkt.ac.id/index.php/HIKMAH/article/view/144 http://journal.alhikmahjkt.ac.id/index.php/HIKMAH/article/view/144/108 |
Daftar Isi:
- Baduy’ is a call for a community of a village of Kanekes, South Banten. Baduy people believe in God under the religion of Sunda Wiwitan. Baduy’s religion is a syncretism of Islam and Hinduism. Baduy’s style of Islam is pronounced with syahadat (the Islam profession of faith) and practiced with tapa (the asceticism) to maintain and preserve karuhun (the natural heritage) of ancestors. The tapa of Baduy people is by working in the rice field as a practice of religious teaching as a mean of mating the goddess of rice and the earth. The acts of Baduy people are guided by the pikukuh, customary rules, the great-grandfathers’ rules, and taboo. Religious teachings, tapa, pikukuh and great-grandfathers have constructed personalities of Baduy people who are simple in maintaining the protected natural of Kanekes, therefore prosperity and peace can be felt by the society. What is believed by the people of Sunda Wiwitan? And how are the practices of religious ritual worship of Sunda Wiwitan? Through these two questions, this paper describes the system of religion and religious rituals of Sunda Wiwitan. The faith and obedience of Baduy people to God appear in their actions through taking care forests, rivers and mountains for harmonious life. Their faith is not in the form of memorization or interpretation of scripture. Meanwhile, worship rituals are practiced by them by working in the rice fields with the custom rules and the taboo to get successful harvest and prosperous people. The aim of their worship is not to be respected or generous people. The people of Sunda Wiwitan live with the perspective to maintain the protected nature in Kanekes. Keywords: Baduy, Sunda Wiwitan, sincretism, religious rituals Baduy adalah sebutan bagi masyarakat Desa Kanekes Banten Selatan. Masyarakat Baduy beriman kepada Allah dalam naungan agama Sunda Wiwitan. Agama Baduy merupakan sinkretisme Islam dan Hindu. Islam ala Baduy diucapkan dengan syahadat dan diamalkan dengan tapa untuk menjaga dan melestarikan aam warisan karuhun, nenek moyang. Tapa Baduy adalah bekerja di ladang dengan menanam padi sebagai amalan ajaran agama, mengawinkan dewi padi dengan bumi. Tindakan masyarakat Baduy itu berpedoman kepada pikukuh, aturan adat, dengan mematuhi buyut, tabu. Ajaran agama, tapa, pikukuh dan buyut telah mengkonstruksi pribadi-pribadi Baduy yang sederhana dalam menjaga alam lindung Kanekes. Sehingga, kesejahteraan dan kedamaian dapat dirasakan oleh umat manusia. Apa yang diimani oleh umat agama Sunda Wiwitan? Dan, bagaimana praktik ibadah ritual agama Sunda Wiwitan? Melalui dua pertanyaan itu, tulisan ini dalam studi religi memaparkan sistem religi dan ritual keagamaan Sunda Wiwitan. Keimanan dan ketaatan umat Baduy kepada Allah tampak dalam tindakan mereka menjaga hutan, sungai dan gunung hidup harmoni. Keimanannya bukan dalam hafalan ataupun penafsiran kitab suci. Sedangkan, ibadah ritualnya dipraktikkan lewat bekerja di ladang dengan aturan adat dan patuh pada tabu supaya panen berhasil dan umat sejahtera. Ibadahnya bukan ingin menjadi manusia yang dihormati ataupun dermawan. Inilah umat Sunda Wiwitan dengan pandangan hidup menjaga alam lindung Kanekes. Kata kunci: Baduy, Sunda Wiwitan, sinkretisme, ritual agama