Perbaikan Sifat Tanah dan Peningktan Hasil Bawang Merah (Allium cepa grup Aggregatum) dengan Menggunakan Mulsa dan Bahan Pembenah Tanah
| Main Authors: | Haryati, Umi, Erfandi, Deddy |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article info application/pdf eJournal |
| Bahasa: | ind |
| Terbitan: |
Indonesian Society for Horticulture / Department of Agronomy and Horticulture
, 2019
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| Online Access: |
http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jhi/article/view/25832 http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jhi/article/view/25832/19648 |
Daftar Isi:
- Tanah di lahan kering merupakan lahan yang terdegradasi. Oleh karena itu diperlukan perbaikan kualitas tanah tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan mulsa dan bahan pembenah tanah dalam memperbaiki sifat fisik dan kimi tanah serta kaitannya dalam meningkatkan produksi bawang merah. Penelitian aplikasi mulsa dan pembenah tanah pada pertanaman bawang merah dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret sampai Juni musim tanam (MT) 2016 di Desa Bayongbong, Kecamatan Bayongbong, Kabupaten Garut, Provinsi Jawa Barat. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah petak terpisah (Split Plot Design) dengan 3 ulangan. Main plot adalah jenis mulsa yaitu: Tanpa mulsa (M-0), Mulsa plastik (M-1), dan Mulsa jerami (M-2) sedangkan sub-plot adalah: 1) Teknologi petani (B-1), 2) B-1+ NPK rekomendasi (B-2), 3) B-1 + 5 t ha-1 Dolomit (B-3), 4) B-1 + 5.0 5 t ha-1 Biochar (B-4), 5) B-1 + 5 5 t ha-1 Dolomit + 5.0 5 t ha-1Biochar (B-5). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mulsa dan pembenah tanah memperbaiki sifat fisika tanah (retensi air, porositas dan agregasi tanah). Selain itu memperbaiki sifat kimia tanah (pH, Ca2+, K+, Ca-dd, K-dd, KB). Ada interaksi antara musa dan pembenah tanah terhadap hasil umbi bawang merah. Hasil umbi 18.35 t ha-1 didapatkan pada perlakuan mulsa plastik dengan teknologi petani dtambah 5 t ha-1 dolomit yang meningkatkan hasil sampai 57.8% dibandingkan kontrol, tanpa mulsa dengan teknologi petani. Kata kunci : hasil umbi, sayuran tropis, sifat fisika tanah, sifat kimia tanah
- Soil in upland is degraded. Therefore it is necessary to improve the quality of the soil. This researh aimed to determine the effect of mulch and soil amandment application on improving soil physical and chemical properties and its relation in increasing shallot yield. A Study of mulch and soil amandment application on shallot cultivation was conducted on Mar ch up to June during the 2016 planting season in Bayongbong Village, Bayongbong Subdistrict, Garut District, West Java Province. The experimental design was split plot design with three replications. The main plot were mulch type, they were whithout mulch (M-0), black plastic mulch (M-1), and straw mulch (M-2). Meanwhile the sub plot were farmer practice, farmer practice plus NPK, farmer practice plus 5 t ha-1 dolomite, farmer practice plus 5 t ha-1 biochar and farmer practice + 5 t ha-1dolomite plus 5 t ha-1 biochar. The research results showed that mulch and soil amandement improved physical soil properties, water retension, porosity, and soil aggregation. In addition soil amendment improved soil chemical characteristics (pH, Ca2+, K+, Ca-exch., K-exch., base saturation). There was an interaction between mulch and soil amendments on the shallot bulb yield. (18.35 t ha-1) was obtained by plastic mulch and farmer practice plus 5 t ha-1 dolomite that increased the yield up to 57.8 % than control, without mulch and farmer practice. Key words: plant growth, soil chemistry, soil physics, yield