Penerapan Pupuk Mikotricho (Mikoriza-Trichoderma) dan Pupuk Sintetik Pada Budidaya Cabai Merah
| Main Authors: | Rokhminarsi, Eny, Utami, Darini Sri, Begananda |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article info application/pdf eJournal |
| Bahasa: | ind |
| Terbitan: |
Indonesian Society for Horticulture / Department of Agronomy and Horticulture
, 2019
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| Online Access: |
http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jhi/article/view/24952 http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jhi/article/view/24952/19644 |
Daftar Isi:
- Tujuan penelitian adalah menentukan dosis optimal pupuk mikotricho dan pengurangan dosis pupuk sintetis terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil cabai merah di lahan marjinal. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret sampai September 2018. Penelitian merupakan percobaan lapang di desa Kaliori, Kecamatan Kalibagor, Kabupaten Banyumas, dengan jenis tanah ultisol menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap Teracak (RAKLT) dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama perlakuan adalah dosis pupuk mikotricho yaitu tanpa pupuk mikotricho, dosis 10 g mikoriza+10 g Trichoderma, 20 g mikoriza + 20 g Trichoderma. Faktor kedua adalah pengurangan dosis rekomendasi pupuk sintetis yaitu 0% (dosis rekomendasi = SP-36 480 kg ha-1 dikonversi menjadi pupuk SP-27 640 kg ha-1, dan pupuk susulan berupa pupuk ZA 320 kg ha-1, pupuk urea 240 kg ha-1, pupuk KCl 320 kg ha-1), pengurangan 25% dan 50%. Analisis data menggunakan analisis ragam dan uji lanjut Duncan’s Multiple Range Test 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) pemberian pupuk hayati mikotricho hingga 40 g (20 g mikoriza + 20 g Trichoderma) tanaman-1 dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil cabai merah, (2) pengurangan dosis pupuk sintetik urea, ZA, SP27 dan KCl hingga 25% dari dosis rekomendasi menunjukkan pertumbuhan dan hasil cabai merah lebih baik dibandingkan dosis rekomendasi, (3) pemberian pupuk mikotricho dosis 40 g (20 g mikoriza + 20 g Trichoderma) dengan pengurangan 25% pupuk sintetik memberikan pertumbuhan jumlah daun, luas daun, dan jumlah cabang yang optimal serta peningkatan hasil cabai (15.4 t ha-1) sebesar 22.2% dibandingkan tanpa pupuk mikotricho dengan dosis rekomendasi (12.6 t ha-1). Pemberian pupuk mikotricho 20 g (10 g mikoriza dan 10 g Trichoderma) dan pengurangan dosis pupuk sintetik 25%, peningkatan hasil 15.8% (14.6 t ha-1) dibandingkan tanpa pupuk mikotricho dan dosis rekomendasi pupuk sintetik. Kata kunci: biopestisida, budidaya, cabai merah, pupuk hayati
- The aim of the study was to determine the optimal dosage of mycotricho fertilizer and the reduction dosage of synthetic fertilizer for growth and yield of red pepper on marginal land. The study was conducted from March to September 2018 on the ultisol soil in Kaliori village, Kalibagor sub-district, Banyumas district. The experiment used a Randomized Completely Block Design with 3 replications. The first factor was the dose of mycotricho i.e without mycotricho, 10 g mycorrhizae+10 g Trichoderma, and 20 g mycorrhizae + 20 g Trichoderma. The second factor was the reduction of recommended synthetic fertilizer dosage i.e 0% (recommended dose=SP-36 480 kg ha-1 was converted to SP-27 640 kg ha-1, ZA 320 kg ha-1, urea 240 kg ha-1, 320 kg ha-1 KCl), reduction of 25% and 50%. Data were analized with ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test 5%. The results showed (1) the application of mycotricho to 40 g (20 g mycorrhizae + 20 g Trichoderma) plants-1 can increase growth and yield of red pepper, (2) reduction of urea, ZA, SP27 and KCl up to 25% of recommended dosage showed better growth and yield of red pepper than recommended dosages, (3) application of 40g mycotricho (20 g mycorrhizae + 20 g Trichoderma) with 25% reduction synthetic fertilizer gave growth to the optimal number of leaves, leaf area, and number of branches and increased yield of red pepper (15.4 t ha-1) of 22.2% compared to without mycotricho at recommended doses (12.6 t ha-1). Application of 20 g mycotricho (10 g mycorrhizae + 10 g Trichoderma) and 25% reduction of synthetic fertilizer increased of yield 15.8% (14.6 t ha-1) compared to without mycotricho and the recommended dosage of synthetic fertilizer. Keywords: biofertilizer, biopesticide, cultivation, vegetables