Wood Vinegar as Plant Growth and Defense Inducer of Banana Plants against Ralstonia syzygii subsp. celebesensis
| Main Authors: | Nurrahmawan, Muhammad Evan, Giyanto, Nawangsih, Abdjad Asih , Sulistiani, Erina |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article info application/pdf eJournal |
| Bahasa: | ind |
| Terbitan: |
The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)
, 2022
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jfiti/article/view/35548 http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jfiti/article/view/35548/22874 |
Daftar Isi:
- Bibit pisang hasil kultur jaringan diketahui rentan terhadap cekaman pada awal pertumbuhan di lapangan. Pra-pengondisian bibit menggunakan agens priming dilaporkan meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan ketahanan tanaman. Asap cair tempurung kelapa dilaporkan mampu memacu pertumbuhan dan menginduksi ketahanan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan informasi pengaruh asap cair asal tempurung kelapa terhadap pertumbuhan dan aktivitas enzim ketahanan pada plantlet pisang Cavendish pada fase induksi perakaran serta penekanan R. syzygii subsp. celebesensis secara in vitro. Tahapan penelitian mencakup uji fitotoksisitas asap cair, analisis pertumbuhan plantlet, analisis aktivitas enzim peroksidase dan polifenol oksidase, isolasi R. syzygii subsp. celebesensis, dan uji toksisitas asap cair terhadap R. syzygii subsp. celebesensis secara in vitro. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan asap cair pada konsentrasi ≥ 1.5% bersifat fitotoksik dengan gejala meliputi klorosis, nekrosis, terbentuk lendir dan kematian plantlet. Perlakuan asap cair pada konsentrasi ≤ 1% tidak bersifat fitotoksik, bahkan peningkatan pertumbuhan plantlet optimum ditunjukkan pada perlakuan asap cair 0.1%. Perlakuan asap cair menyebabkan peningkatan aktivitas enzim ketahanan pada 2, 4 dan 6 hari setelah tanam (HST), tetapi menurun pada 30 HST. Selain itu, asap cair bersifat antibakteri melalui terbentuknya zona hambat dan menyebabkan penurunan nilai kerapatan sel R. syzygii subsp. celebesensis. Penelitian ini menunjukkan potensi teknik priming untuk pengendalian penyakit darah pisang terutama pada bibit pisang hasil kultur jaringan.
- Wood Vinegar as Plant Growth and Defense Inducer of Banana Plants against Ralstonia syzygii subsp. celebesensis Banana seedlings derived from tissue culture are known to be susceptible to stress at early growing stage in the field. Pre-conditioning of seedlings using priming agents, such as coconut shell wood vinegar was reported to enhance plant growth and resistance. This study aimed to obtain information on the effect of coconut shell wood vinegar on growth and defense-related enzymes activity of Cavendish banana plantlet in the root induction phase and suppression of R. syzygii subsp. celebesensis in vitro. Research was conducted involving evaluation of wood vinegar phytotoxicity, analysis of plantlet growth, analysis of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities, isolation of R. syzygii subsp. celebsensis, and toxicity assay of wood vinegar against R. syzygii subsp. celebesensis in vitro. Application of wood vinegar at 1.5% concentraion was phytotoxic, indicated by symptom development including chlorosis, necrosis, mucus secretion and plantlet death. Lower concentration of wood vinegar, i.e. ≤ 1.0% was not phytotoxic; even the treatment of wood vinegar at 0.1% caused an optimum increase in plantlet growth. Application of wood vinegar also increased the activity of defense-related enzymes at 2, 4, and 6 days after planting (DAP) but decreased at 30 DAP. Furthermore, wood vinegar showed antibacterial properties through the formation of inhibition zones and it caused decreased in the value of R. syzygii subsp. celebesensis cell densities. This study shows the potential of priming techniques for controlling banana blood disease, especially for banana seedlings propagated through tissue culture.