Pengaruh Kombinasi Perlakuan Air Panas dan Kultur Jaringan terhadap Infeksi Virus pada Bawang Merah
| Main Authors: | Wulandari, Astri Windia Wulandari, Sobir, Sobir, Hidayat, Sri Hendrastuti |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article info application/pdf eJournal |
| Bahasa: | ind |
| Terbitan: |
The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)
, 2021
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jfiti/article/view/34624 http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jfiti/article/view/34624/21615 |
Daftar Isi:
- Sebagian besar petani bawang merah di Indonesia menggunakan umbi sebagai bahan perbanyakan meskipun banyak penyakit diketahui ditularkan melalui umbi. Perlakuan air atau udara panas pada organ aktif seperti biji atau umbi adalah metode yang umum digunakan untuk menghasilkan tanaman bebas virus. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan umbi bawang merah bebas virus melalui perlakuan air panas dikombinasikan dengan kultur jaringan. Deteksi virus sebelum perlakuan menggunakan Dot immuno binding assay (DIBA) untuk memastikan infeksi genus Potyvirus (Onion yellow dwarf virus/OYDV), Carlavirus (Shallot latent virus/SLV dan Garlic common latent virus/GCLV) dari umbi. Penelitian disusun menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga faktor, yaitu kultivar (Sumenep dan Bima Curut), suhu (45 °C, 50 °C, dan suhu kamar), dan waktu pemanasan (15 dan 30 menit). Secara umum, perlakuan air panas yang dikombinasikan dengan kultur jaringan tidak memengaruhi kemampuan tumbuh dan jumlah daun planlet. Berdasarkan deteksi virus menggunakan RT-PCR, suhu 45 °C selama 15 menit mampu mengeliminasi 100% Potyvirus dan Carlavirus pada bawang merah ‘Bima Curut’; sedangkan pada bawang merah ‘Sumenep’ perlakuan air panas pada suhu 50 °C selama 15 menit mampu mengeliminasi 100% Potyvirus dan 33.33% Carlavirus.
- Effect of Combination of Hot Water Treatment and Tissue Culture on Virus Infections in Shallot Most shallot farmers in Indonesia use bulbs as their propagative materials despite many diseases were known to be transmitted through bulbs. Heat treatment is a common method used to produce virus-free plants, i.e. using hot water or hot air treatment which is generally applied on the dormant organs such as seeds or bulbs. Research was conducted to get virus free shallot bulbs through hot water treatment combined with tissue culture. Detection of the virus before treatment using Dot immuno binding assay confirmed the infection of Potyvirus (Onion yellow dwarf virus/OYDV), Carlavirus (Shallot latent virus/SLV and Garlic common latent virus/GCLV) from bulb. The experiment was done using a completely randomized design with three factors, i.e. cultivar (Sumenep and Bima Curut), temperature (45 °C, 50 °C, and room temperature), and heating time (15 and 30 min). In general, hot water treatment combined with tissue culture did not affect the ability of plantlets to grow and the number of leaf. Based on virus detection using RT-PCR, 100% elimination of Potyvirus and Carlavirus on cultivar Bima Curut was observed at temperature of 45 °C for 15 minutes; whereas on cultivar Sumenep hot water treatment at 50 °C for 15 minutes was able to eliminate 100% Potyvirus and 33.33% Carlavirus.