ctrlnum article-451
fullrecord <?xml version="1.0"?> <dc schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"><title lang="en-US">IMPACTS OF ARTISANAL GOLD MINING AND EFFORTS TO MINIMIZE NEGATIVE IMPACTS TO THE ENVIRONMENT</title><creator>HUSAINI, HUSAINI; R &amp; D Centre for Mineral and Coal Technology</creator><creator>TAHLI, LILI; R &amp; D Centre for Mineral and Coal Technology</creator><creator>MUTA&#x2019;ALIM, MUTA&#x2019;ALIM; R &amp; D Centre for Mineral and Coal Technology</creator><subject lang="en-US">artisanal gold mining, small scale mining, amalgamation, retort, impact, environment, concentration</subject><subject lang="en-US"/><description lang="en-US">Indonesia has extensive primary and secondary gold ore deposits that are scattered at several islands. The processing method for gold includes cyanidation, amalgamation and gravity concentration. Amalgamation is one of the most dangerous methods that pollutes the environment. The process is conducted by artisanal gold mining extensively throughout the country and involving around 100.000 miners. The process is started by crushing the ore up to 2-3 cm, then put in the trommel along with Hg and water. The trommel is then rotated for 4-5 hours to produce amalgam (Au-Hg) to be separated from its tailing by panning. The clean Au-Hg, mixed with liquid Hg, is then squeezed to separate the Hg excess. The Au-Hg, mixed with borax is then burnt in a crucible to evaporate its Hg and get the golds bullion (Au-Ag metal). The gold is obtained after the silver within the bullion is leached by&#xA0;HNO3 equipment&#xA0;used&#xA0;for burning the Au-Hg is an open vessel that is operated in the kitchen at which the people also cook the food. This condition is very dangerous for the miner and their families as the Hg vapor is very toxic and can damage human lung. Another problem is that Hg-containing fine tailings are directly discharged to the river. This mercury can pollute the aquatic system and become dangerous for human through food chain. The efforts decreasing the negative effect of artisanal mining employ a retort to burn the amalgam, centralize the trommels; concentrate the gold ores prior to amalgamation. Jig, shaking table, sluice box can be used for upgrading the gold. If tailing with relatively high gold content would be processed by gravity concentration or cyanidation, the location for tailing gold processing should be safe and far from the river and houses.</description><publisher lang="en-US">Puslitbang tekMIRA</publisher><contributor lang="en-US"/><date>2017-11-17</date><type>Journal:Article</type><type>Other:info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</type><type>Other:</type><type>Other:</type><type>File:application/pdf</type><identifier>http://jurnal.tekmira.esdm.go.id/index.php/imj/article/view/451</identifier><source lang="en-US">Indonesian Mining Journal; Vol 15, No 3 (2012): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 15 No. 3 October 2012; 146 - 158</source><source lang="id-ID">Indonesian Mining Journal; Vol 15, No 3 (2012): INDONESIAN MINING JOURNAL Vol. 15 No. 3 October 2012; 146 - 158</source><source>2527-8797</source><source>0854-9931</source><language>eng</language><relation>http://jurnal.tekmira.esdm.go.id/index.php/imj/article/view/451/316</relation><rights lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2017 Indonesian Mining Journal</rights><rights lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</rights><recordID>article-451</recordID></dc>
language eng
format Journal:Article
Journal
Other:info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Other
Other:
File:application/pdf
File
Journal:eJournal
author HUSAINI, HUSAINI; R & D Centre for Mineral and Coal Technology
TAHLI, LILI; R & D Centre for Mineral and Coal Technology
MUTA’ALIM, MUTA’ALIM; R & D Centre for Mineral and Coal Technology
title IMPACTS OF ARTISANAL GOLD MINING AND EFFORTS TO MINIMIZE NEGATIVE IMPACTS TO THE ENVIRONMENT
publisher Puslitbang tekMIRA
publishDate 2017
topic artisanal gold mining
small scale mining
amalgamation
retort
impact
environment
concentration
url http://jurnal.tekmira.esdm.go.id/index.php/imj/article/view/451
http://jurnal.tekmira.esdm.go.id/index.php/imj/article/view/451/316
contents Indonesia has extensive primary and secondary gold ore deposits that are scattered at several islands. The processing method for gold includes cyanidation, amalgamation and gravity concentration. Amalgamation is one of the most dangerous methods that pollutes the environment. The process is conducted by artisanal gold mining extensively throughout the country and involving around 100.000 miners. The process is started by crushing the ore up to 2-3 cm, then put in the trommel along with Hg and water. The trommel is then rotated for 4-5 hours to produce amalgam (Au-Hg) to be separated from its tailing by panning. The clean Au-Hg, mixed with liquid Hg, is then squeezed to separate the Hg excess. The Au-Hg, mixed with borax is then burnt in a crucible to evaporate its Hg and get the golds bullion (Au-Ag metal). The gold is obtained after the silver within the bullion is leached by HNO3 equipment used for burning the Au-Hg is an open vessel that is operated in the kitchen at which the people also cook the food. This condition is very dangerous for the miner and their families as the Hg vapor is very toxic and can damage human lung. Another problem is that Hg-containing fine tailings are directly discharged to the river. This mercury can pollute the aquatic system and become dangerous for human through food chain. The efforts decreasing the negative effect of artisanal mining employ a retort to burn the amalgam, centralize the trommels; concentrate the gold ores prior to amalgamation. Jig, shaking table, sluice box can be used for upgrading the gold. If tailing with relatively high gold content would be processed by gravity concentration or cyanidation, the location for tailing gold processing should be safe and far from the river and houses.
id IOS4265.article-451
institution Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral
institution_id 105
institution_type library:special
library
library Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Mineral dan Batubara
library_id 974
collection Indonesian Mining Journal
repository_id 4265
subject_area Mining and Related Operations/Teknik Tambang dan Teknik Pertambangan
Minerals of Indonesia/Mineral di Indonesia
Chemistry and Allied Science/Kimia dan Ilmu yang Berhubungan
Metallurgy/Metal, Metalurgi
city BANDUNG
province JAWA BARAT
shared_to_ipusnas_str 1
repoId IOS4265
first_indexed 2017-12-01T01:44:19Z
last_indexed 2017-12-01T01:44:19Z
recordtype dc
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