PENGARUH EKSTRAK BUAH MENGKUDU (Morinda Citrifolia L.) TERHADAP KADAR INTERLEUKIN 4 (IL – 4) TIKUS PUTIH STRAIN WISTAR GALUR JANTAN YANG DIINDUKSI DENGAN PIRAZINAMID, LEVOFLOKSASIN, DAN ETAMBUTOL
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- ABSTRACT Masaid, Azza Nur Laila. 2019.The Impact of the Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia)Extract toward the Level of Interleukin 4 (IL-4) of Male White Mouse’s (Rattus Norvegicus) Strain Wistar Inducted by Pirazinamid, Etambutol, andLevofloksasin. A Thesis for The Medical Faculty of Muhammadiyah University, Malang. Supervisors: (I) Thontowi Djauhari M. Kes.* (2) Moch. Ma’roef, Sp. OG** Background: Pirazinamid, Levofloxasin and Etambutol are first-line TB medications provided orally. Levofloxasin is an antibiotic from the fluroquinolon type with better activity toward positive gram germs, also used as one of the solutions to medicate tuberculosis. Some of its side effects are nauseatic, vomiting and diarrhoea tendencies. Pirazinamid, on the other hand, is an anti-microbaic medication from the nicotiamid type, its primary side effect being hepatotoxicity (on one to five percent of patients), as well as nauseatic, vomiting and fever tendencies. Etambutol is an anti-microbaic medication used in the treatment of tuberculosis, its side effect being hypersensitivity. IL-4 is a stimulus to the production of Ig-E (inducing hypersensitive reactions). The mengkudu contained skopoletin, serving in anti-allergic, anti-inflammation, anti-bacteria and anti-tumor functions. Aims: Proving the anti-inflammatory effects of the mengkudu’s extract (Morinda citrifolia L.) towards the level of IL-4 of a male white mouse’s strain wistar kidney cells inducted by pirazinamid, etambutol, and levofloksasin. Methods: Experimental with post test only control group design. The sample would be divided into five groups, namely the negative and positive controls, with the mengkudu doses of, respectively, 20, 40 and 80 milligrams/200grBB per day. Results and Discussion: Research data were on a normal and homogenous spread, with the significance value of p>0.05 From the one-way ANOVA test, the (p<0.05) result was obtained for all subject groups, revealing that the extracts’ dose did have an influence on the value of IL-4. Results of post-hoc bonferroni tests showed the value of p<0,05 on the dosage groups of 40 and 80 mg (mg/200grBB/day), which implied that there are anti-inflammation effects of the mengkudu’s extract toward the level of IL-4 with the doses of P2 and P3 (respectively, 40 and 80 mgs/200grBB/day). The linear regression tests resulted in the r square value of 0,460, which implied that the mengkudu’s extracts had 46% effects on the anti-inflammation effects, marked by the decrease of the IL-4’s level following measurement through the elisa test. Conclusion(s): The mengkudu’s extracts did have anti-inflammatory effects in the form of anti-allergy toward the level of IL-4 on the male white mouse’s (Rattus Norvegicus) strain wistar inducted by Pirazinamid, Etambutol, and Levofloksasin. Key Words: Tuberculosis, Etambutol, Pirazinamid, Levofloksasin, Mengkudu extracts (Morinda citrifolia L.), Decrease of IL-4 Level. *) Teaching Staff of the Anatomy Field of UMM’s Medical Faculty **) Teaching Staff of the Obstetry and Gynecology Fields of UMM’s Medical Faculty