Morpho-physiological Characterization and Genetic Diversity of Cocoyam Accessions (Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott)
| Main Authors: | Maghfirah, Santosa, Edi, Suwarto |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article info application/pdf eJournal |
| Bahasa: | eng |
| Terbitan: |
Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
, 2022
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| Online Access: |
http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jurnalagronomi/article/view/41872 http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jurnalagronomi/article/view/41872/24014 |
Daftar Isi:
- Tania or cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott) is a member of Araceae; the cormels contain carbohydrate that is valuable in the food industry and to supports food security. However, information on the diversity in cocoyam accessions to support higher productivity and breeding program is still limited. The research aimed to characterize morpho-physiology and diversity of cocoyam accessions. The research was carried out from December 2018 to July 2019 at the Leuwikopo Experimental Farm, IPB Bogor. The research used seven accessions collected by the Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT) namely S8, S22, S27, S29, S31, S32, and S37. Accessions were maintained with a spacing of 50 cm x 50 cm under 50% shading net. Cluster analysis used the unweighted pair group method using the arithmetic average (UPGMA) method. The study showed that there was diversity in 31 of the 51 morphological and physiological characters. Of the 31 various variables, only 14 variables had a PIC value of more than 0.5. The color of the inner petiole and stomatal density were important characters in the characterization of cocoyam because it had the highest diversity. At the accession level, they were grouped into two groups, Group I had accession S29 members, and the rest were grouped into Group II. Group II had three subgroups, namely A (S8 and S32), B (S22, S27, and S31), and C (S37). Accessions S27 and S31 had a high degree of similarity. Keywords: Araceae, climate change, dry land, food security, tannia
- Talas kimpul (Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott) anggota Araceae merupakan salah satu sumber karbohidrat di daerah kering untuk ketahanan pangan. Hingga saat ini, kajian keragaman genetik kimpul untuk mendukung produktivitas dan kegiatan pemuliaan masih relatif terbatas. Penelitian bertujuan melakukan karakterisasi morfo-fisiologi dan mempelajari keragaman aksesi talas kimpul. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Desember 2018 sampai Juli 2019 di Kebun Percobaan Leuwikopo, IPB Bogor menggunakan tujuh aksesi talas kimpul koleksi Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT) yakni S8, S22, S27, S29, S31, S32, dan S37. Aksesi dipelihara di bawah naungan paranet 50% dengan jarak tanam 50 cm x 50 cm. Analisis klaster menggunakan metode unweighted pair group method using arithmetic average (UPGMA). Penelitian menunjukkan adanya keragaman pada 31 dari 51 karakter morfologi dan fisiologi. Dari 31 peubah yang beragam, hanya 14 peubah yang memiliki nilai PIC ≥ 0.5. Warna tangkai daun bagian dalam dan kerapatan stomata merupakan karakter penting dalam karakterisasi kimpul karena memiliki keragaman yang paling tinggi. Pada taraf Aksesi mengelompok menjadi dua grup, Grup I beranggota aksesi S29, dan sisanya mengelompok pada Grup II. Grup II memiliki tiga subgrup yakni A (S8 dan S32), B (S22, S27, dan S31), dan C (S37). Aksesi S27 dan S31 memiliki tingkat kemiripan yang tinggi. Kata kunci: Araceae, belitung, ketahanan pangan, lahan kering, perubahan iklim