Potensi Hasil Benih Padi Hibrida pada Tiga Galur CMS dengan Sumber Sitoplasma yang Berbeda
| Main Authors: | Bayu Pramono Wibowo, Bambang Sapta Purwoko, Willy Bayuardi Suwarno, Indrastuti Apri Rumanti |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article info application/pdf eJournal |
| Bahasa: | eng |
| Terbitan: |
Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
, 2022
|
| Online Access: |
http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jurnalagronomi/article/view/39949 http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jurnalagronomi/article/view/39949/23371 |
Daftar Isi:
- F1 hybrid rice was produced by crossing the cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) line and restorer (R) line. Kalinga and Gambiaca are CMS line types that have been successfully developed in Indonesia other than Wild Abortive (WA). This study aimed to determine the effect of female parents with different cytoplasmic sources on hybrid seed yield in 30 new hybrid rice combinations. The experiment was conducted at ICRR, West Java in DS 2021, using a factorial design of three CMS lines crossed with ten R lines, with 10 replications for the CMS lines and three replications for the restorer lines. Analysis of variance for yield components and yield was performed separately between CMS and restorer lines, following a single factor linear model. GMJ15A Gambiaca type had a similar average seed yield (1.03 ton ha-1) with GMJ12A WA type (0.85 ton ha-1) and significantly higher than GMJ14A Kalinga type (0.51 ton ha-1), while the best restorer line was PK90 (1.36 ton ha-1). Plant height, filled grain number per panicle, and outcrossing rate levels had a positive and significant correlation with hybrid seed yield. CMS lines of Gambiaca cytoplasmic type could be the female parent alternative of hybrid rice in Indonesia. Keywords: outcrossing, restorer, seed production
- Padi hibrida F1 dihasilkan dari persilangan antara galur mandul jantan/cytoplasmic male sterile (GMJ/CMS) dan galur pemulih kesuburan (restorer/R). Kalinga dan Gambiaca adalah tipe galur CMS yang berhasil dikembangkan di Indonesia selain tipe Wild Abortive (WA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh tetua betina dengan sumber sitoplasma berbeda terhadap hasil benih padi hibrida pada 30 kombinasi padi hibrida baru. Percobaan dilakukan di BB Padi Subang, Jawa Barat pada MK 2021, menggunakan rancangan faktorial tiga galur CMS disilangkan dengan sepuluh restorer, dimana terdapat sepuluh ulangan untuk CMS dan tiga ulangan untuk restorer. Analisis ragam komponen hasil dan hasil dilakukan terpisah untuk CMS dan restorer mengikuti model linier rancangan faktor tunggal. Rata-rata hasil benih pada CMS GMJ15A tipe Gambiaca (1.03 ton ha-1) setara dengan GMJ12A tipe Wild Abortive (0.85 ton ha-1) dan nyata lebih tinggi dari GMJ14A tipe Kalinga (0.51 ton ha-1), sedangkan restorer terbaik adalah PK90 (1.36 ton ha-1). Tinggi tanaman, jumlah gabah isi per malai, dan tingkat silang alami memiliki korelasi positif dan nyata terhadap hasil benih padi hibrida. Galur CMS tipe sitoplasma Gambiaca dapat menjadi alternatif tetua betina padi hibrida di Indonesia. Kata kunci: pemulih kesuburan, produksi benih, silang alami