Respon Morfo-fisiologi Empat Genotipe Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.) terhadap Cekaman Salinitas
| Main Authors: | Baiq Arriyadul Badi'ah, Sobir, Syukur, Muhammad, Kusumo, Yudiwanti Wahyu Endro |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article info application/pdf eJournal |
| Bahasa: | ind |
| Terbitan: |
Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
, 2021
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| Online Access: |
http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jurnalagronomi/article/view/37006 http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jurnalagronomi/article/view/37006/22170 |
Daftar Isi:
- Penelitian tentang respon cabai rawit terhadap salinitas perlu dilakukan untuk pengembangan varietas yang toleran salinitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon morfologi dan fisiologi empat genotipe cabai rawit pada kondisi cekaman salinitas. Penelitian dilakukan di kebun percobaan Tajur 2 IPB Bogor pada bulan Oktober 2019-Maret 2020. Rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak dua faktor dengan lima kelompok sebagai ulangan digunakan dalam percobaan ini. Faktor pertama yaitu genotipe cabai rawit (Sigantung, CR10, CSR1, dan CRK1) dan faktor kedua adalah taraf salinitas (0-1, 2-4, 5-7, dan 8-10 mS cm-1). Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa salinitas secara signifikan berpengaruh terhadap peubah morfologi dan fisiologi tanaman cabai rawit. Salinitas 8-10 mS cm-1 pada peubah morfologi menyebabkan penurunan hasil tertinggi pada jumlah bunga (74.65%), jumlah daun (71.23%), bobot buah (58.48%), dan panjang akar (49.81%). Selain itu, pada konsentrasi 8-10 mS cm-1 juga menyebabkan penurunan hasil tertinggi pada peubah fisiologi. Penurunan hasil tertinggi terjadi pada konduktansi stomata (29.37%), laju transpirasi (26.47%), konsentrasi CO2 interseluler (21.83%),dan indeks klorofil (20.19%). Berdasarkan nilai rata-rata indeks sensitivitas cekaman (ISC), genotipe Sigantung (1.2) dan CSR1 (1.0) termasuk katagori peka salinitas (ISC >1.0). Akan tetapi, CR10 dan CRK1 memiliki nilai rata-rata ISC sebesar 0.8, sehingga termasuk ke dalam katagori moderat toleran salinitas (0.5<ISC<0.1). Kata kunci: indeks sensitivitas cekaman (ISC), konduktansi stomata, konsentrasi CO2 interseluler, panjang akar
- The responses of cayenne pepper to salinity need to be elucidated for developing saline tolerant varieties. The study aimed to reveal the morphological and physiological responses of four cayenne pepper genotypes under salinity stress conditions. The research was conducted at the Tajur 2 experimental station of IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia, from October 2019 to March 2020. A two-factor randomized complete block design with five blocks as replications was used in this experiment. The first factor is the genotype of cayenne pepper (Sigantung, CR10, CSR1, and CRK1) and the second factor is salinity level (0-1, 2-4, 5-7, and 8-10 mS cm-1). The results indicated that the salinity significantly affected the morphological and physiological traits of cayenne pepper plants. Salinity 8-10 mS cm-1 on morphological traits caused the highest decrease in the number of flowers (74.65%), number of leaves (71.23%), fruit weight (58.48%), and root length (49.81%). In addition, a concentration of 8-10 mS cm-1 also caused the highest decrease in physiological traits. The highest effect of the treatment occurred in stomata conductance (29.37%), transpiration rate (26.47%), intercellular CO2 concentration (21.83%), and chlorophyll index (20.19%). Based on the average value of the stress sensitivity index (ISC), the Sigantung (1.2) and CSR1 (1.0) genotypes were categorized as salinity sensitive (ISC >1.0). On the other hand, CR10 and CRK1 had an average ISC value of 0.8, so they were categorized as the moderate tolerance to salinity (0.5<ISC<0.1). Keywords: stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, stress sensitivity index, root length