Analisa Sifat Termal dan Mekanis Komposit Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Berbahan Pengisi Abu Pembakaran Biomassa Kelapa Sawit dan Abu Sekam Padi
| Main Author: | Tindaon, Westryan |
|---|---|
| Other Authors: | Hafni, Kartini Noor |
| Format: | Bachelors application/pdf |
| Bahasa: | ind |
| Terbitan: |
Universitas Sumatera Utara
, 2019
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
http://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/21369 |
Daftar Isi:
- 111 Halaman
- Bio-char is solid product formed by biomass pyrolysis, which is one of the avalaible technologies for bioenergy production. Bio-char can be used as a fuel in form of briquettes and alternatively can be upgraded to activated carbon and used in purification processes. This studies aims to convert Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) into bio-char through pyrolysis. As for the spesific purpose of this study is to obtain kinetic data with the influence of pyrolysis time. The research methodology includes, EFB shredding, EFB grinding, peletization, pyrolysis, and bio-char testing. Fixed variables are pellet mass (25 grams) and temperature (400 oC), changed variable is pyrolysis time (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 45 minutes). Tests conducted on bio-char are yield, moisture content, volatile matter content, ash content, fixed carbon, bulk density and caloric value analysis. Bio-char yield is decreased with pyrolysis time increasing, which is the highest yield was 39.4756 % and the lowest was 32.5612 %. Bio-char moisture content is decreased with pyrolysis time increasing, which is the highest moisture content was 5.0514 % and the lowest was 2.0781 %. Bio-char volatile matter content is decreased with pyrolysis time increasing, which is the highest volatile matter content was 47.8059 % and the lowest was 29.5119 %. Bio-char ash content is increased with pyrolysis time increasing, which is the highest ash content was 17.7264 % and the lowest was 14.8504%. Bio-char fixed carbon is increased with pyrolysis time increasing, which is the highest fixed carbon was 49.1501% and the lowest was 32.2923 %. Bio-char bulk density is decreased with pyrolysis time increasing, which is the highest bulk density was 0.7277 gr/cm3 and the lowest was 0.5281 gr/cm3. Bio-char heating value is increased with pyrolysis time increasing, which is the highest heating value was 23,457 J/gr and the lowest was 20,572 J/gr.
- Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan komposisi pengisi terbaik kombinasi abu pembakaran biomassa kelapa sawit dengan penambahan abu sekam padi yang kemudian dihidratkan untuk diaplikasikan pada matriks Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) terhadap peningkatan ketahanan termal dan mekanis. Metodologi penelitian meliputi, persiapan bahan baku, spesimen dicetak menggunakan injection molding, dan pengujian komposit. Variabel tetap adalah komposisi matriks dengan pengisi (90:10), variabel berubah adalah komposisi pengisi (abu pembakaran biomassa kelapa sawit:abu sekam padi) yaitu (70:30, 80:20 dan 90:10) dan suhu pembakaran abu sekam padi 400oC dan 500°C. Pengujian yang dilakukan terhadap komposit adalah Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscope (FTIR), Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) ASTM E1131, ISO 11358, Tensile Strength (kekuatan tarik) ISO 527, Kekuatan Bentur ISO 179 dan Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Hasil yang diperoleh terjadi peningkatan ketahanan termal dan mekanis dari komposit ABS berpengisi abu pembakaran biomassa kelapa sawit dan abu sekam padi, komposisi pengisi terbaik kombinasi abu pembakaran biomassa kelapa sawit dengan penambahan abu sekam padi adalah 70:30 dengan temperatur pembakaran 500°C.