PEMBUATAN DAN KARAKTERISASI ARANG AKTIF DARI BAMBU APUS (Gigantochloa apus) DENGAN AKTIVATOR H3PO4
| Main Authors: | Manurung, M., Sahara, E., Sihombing, P. S. |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article info application/pdf eJournal |
| Bahasa: | eng |
| Terbitan: |
Program Studi Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Udayana (Program of Study in Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University), Bali, Indonesia
, 2019
|
| Online Access: |
https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/jchem/article/view/45708 https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/jchem/article/view/45708/27734 |
Daftar Isi:
- This paper discusses the manufacture and characterization of activated carbon from bamboo apus (Gigantochloa apus) with H3PO4 activator. The aims of study were to determine the optimum carbonization temperture and time as well as the amount of phosphoric acid required as the chemical activator. In addition, the activated carbon was also characterized following the Indonesian National Standard (SNI-1995) for activated carbon. Tthe activated carbon functional groups was determined using FTIR spectroscopy. The result showed that the optimum temperature of carbonization was 600oC, the carbonization time was 90 minutes and the phosphoric acid required was 20 gram for 1 gram carbon. Under these conditions, the activated carbon resulted met SNI-1995 with the characteristics as follows: the water content was (1.11±0.83%), the level of volatile substances was (8.13± 0.27%), the total ash amount was (7.33±1.35%), the carbon contents was (83.40±0.27%). and the absorption capacities of iodine and methylen blue were of 1057.75 mg/g, 472.88 mg/g, respectively. FTIR identification indicated the existence of some functional groups, namely aromatik, ketone, and hydroxyl.
- Bambu apus adalah salah satu bahan kerajinan yang limbahnya sangat mudah didapatkan di Bali. Limbah ini dapat digunakan untuk membuat karbon aktif. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menentukan suhu optimum karbonisasi, waktu karbonisasi, dan konsentrasi asam fosfat optimum pembuatan arang aktif bambu apus (AABA). Selain itu, AABA dikarakterisasi mengikuti SNI-1995 untuk arang aktif, serta gugus fungsi AABA ditentukan menggunakan Spektroskopi- FTIR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karbonisasi pada suhu optimum yaitu 600oC selama 90 menit dan aktivasi 1 gram arang dengan 20 gram H3PO4 menghasilkan arang aktif yang memenuhi persyaratan SNI-199.dengan karakteristik sebagai berikut: Kadar air sebesar (1,11 ± 0,83 %), kadar zat mudah menguap sebesar (8,13 ± 0,27%), kadar abu total sebesar (7,33± 1,35%), kadar karbon (83,40 ± 0,27%) serta daya serap terhadap iodin sebesar 1057,75 mg/g dan daya serap terhadap metilen biru 472,88 mg/g. Identifikasi terhadap arang aktif dengan FTIR menunjukkan bahwa AABA mempunyai gugus fungsi, aromatik, keton dan hidroksi.