AGROFORESTRY KALIWU IN SUMBA: A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
| Main Author: | Prasetyo, Budiyanto Dwi |
|---|---|
| Other Authors: | he institute of Research and Development of Environment and Forestry Kupang |
| Format: | Article info application/pdf eJournal |
| Bahasa: | eng |
| Terbitan: |
Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sosial, Ekonomi, Kebijakan dan Perubahan Iklim
, 2016
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
http://ejournal.forda-mof.org/ejournal-litbang/index.php/JPSEK/article/view/1487 http://ejournal.forda-mof.org/ejournal-litbang/index.php/JPSEK/article/view/1487/pdf http://ejournal.forda-mof.org/ejournal-litbang/index.php/JPSEK/article/downloadSuppFile/1487/383 |
Daftar Isi:
- Agroforestry is one of the popular land management systems in Indonesia. The system helps the farmers to increase agricultural production, social life, and ecological stability. Traditional community in Sumba had been implementing agroforestry for a long time, known as Kaliwu and as a part of the indigenous knowledge. Kaliwu as a system is constructed socially through an intensive interaction between local people and its environment and transmitted from generation to generation. This study aimed to asses sociological aspects in behind Kaliwu practices, which allegedly become key factor the sustainability of this system socially, exist until now. The study was conducted for a year in 2009 in the Waimangura Village, Sumba Island. As social research, data was collected through social survey on 30 respondents, in-depth interview, observation, and literature review. Data was analyzed by using quantitative and qualitative procedures. The results indicated that sociologically, Kaliwu as an authentic knowledge of land management system passed on from generation to generation and constructed along with the socio-historical practices by the local people of Sumba. Social norms (adherence to traditional values, arrangement of labour systems, conflict management) and social institution of farmer group became social factors that play significant role to make kaliwu sustainable.
- Agroforestri merupakan salah satu sistem pengelolaan lahan yang populer di Indonesia terutama di daerah berlahan kritis dan kering. Sistem ini sangat membantu masyarakat desa untuk mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan lahannya melalui fungsi ekonomi, ekologi, dan sosial budaya. Masyarakat tradisional Sumba mengenal sistem agroforestri dengan nama . Sistem ini telah diterapkan sejak lama dan merupakan bagian dari pengetahuan asli Kaliwu masyarakat Sumba dalam mengelola lahan secara turun temurun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji aspek sosiologis di balik praktek yang disinyalir manjadi faktor penentu kelestarian sistem ini dari generasi ke Kaliwu generasi. Penelitian dilakukan selama setahun pada 2009 di Desa Waimangura, Pulau Sumba. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui survei sosial terhadap 30 responden, wawancara, observasi, dan studi pustaka. Data dan informasi yang terkumpul dianalisis secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara sosiologis, Kaliwu merupakan sebuah sistem pengetahuan pengelolaan lahan yang otentik dan terwariskan secara turun-temurun pada masyarakat Sumba. Kaidah-kaidah sosial (ketaatan pada nilai tradisional, pembagian kerja, manajemen konflik) dan lembaga sosial kelompok tani menjadi faktor sosial yang menopang keberlanjutan di tengah masyarakat.