POTENSI JAMUR PARASIT TELUR DAN SISTA NEMATODA SEBAGAI AGENS HAYATI PENGENDALI Globodera rostochiensis
| Main Authors: | , Siwi Indarti, Ir.,MP., , Prof. (Ret.) Dr. Ir. Mulyadi, M.Sc. |
|---|---|
| Format: | Thesis NonPeerReviewed |
| Terbitan: |
[Yogyakarta] : Universitas Gadjah Mada
, 2012
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
https://repository.ugm.ac.id/97403/ http://etd.ugm.ac.id/index.php?mod=penelitian_detail&sub=PenelitianDetail&act=view&typ=html&buku_id=54419 |
Daftar Isi:
- Potato cyst nematodes (PCN) Globodera rostochiensis is producing considerable damage in potato production areas in Indonesia, and the infested area continues to increase each year. PCN is difficult to control because the cyst protects the eggs from unfavourable environmental conditions allowing the eggs to survive for years, and hatch only in the presence of host root exudates. The aim of this research was to develop biocontrol agent using fungi parasitic to egg and cyst isolated from soil found to be suppressive to PCN. The research was carried out in three stages: 1) identification the soil that had the ability to suppress the development of PCN and analysis of antagonistic activity of fungi potentially involved in the suppression of nematode populations, 2) isolation of fungi and testing their ability to parasitize PCN eggs and cysts and 3) testing the effectiveness of the fungi to control nematode populations in mesocosm and macrocosm levels. PCN infested soils which ability to suppress cysts population with fungal parasites of eggs and cysts were found in Karang Tengah, Karang Bakal, Pathak Banteng, Dieng Kulon, Sumberejo and Telaga Merdada in Central Java. Twelve fungi with the ability to parasitise more than 50 % of the eggs and cysts of PCN and with extracellular proteolytic activity were isolated from these locations. Isolates were identified as belonging to the taxa Hypocera (=Trichoderma) virens (4 isolates), Fusarium oxysporum (3 isolates), and 1 isolate each of F. equiseti, Penicillium tritinum, P. oxalicum, Talaromyces flavus and Talaromyces sp. Isolates of Fusarium oxysporum (KTH12.2.2), F. equiseti (KT1-3), P. oxalicum (PB3) and H. virens (KTH10.2.1) found to be effective control to PCN populations in mesocosms and macrocosms levels compared to untreated treatment. KTH 12.2.2, a non-pathogenic F. oxysporum, especially against tomato, sweet potato, corn, and tobacco, gave the most effective control of PCN and the greatest improvement of plant vigor resulting to higher yield.