FRAKSI ANTIPLASMODIUM PALING AKTIF DARI DAUN KAPUR (Harmsiopanax aculeatus Harms) DAN IDENTIFIKASI BEBERAPA KANDUNGAN SENYAWANYA MENGGUNAKAN GC-MS
| Main Authors: | , Rachel Turalely, S.Pd, , Dr. Ratna Asmah Susidarti, M.Si., Apt. |
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| Format: | Thesis NonPeerReviewed |
| Terbitan: |
[Yogyakarta] : Universitas Gadjah Mada
, 2011
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
https://repository.ugm.ac.id/89585/ http://etd.ugm.ac.id/index.php?mod=penelitian_detail&sub=PenelitianDetail&act=view&typ=html&buku_id=51676 |
Daftar Isi:
- Malaria is an infectious disease caused by Plasmodium which is still a worldwide health problem, especially in the developing countries. The rising of Plasmodium resistance towards chloroquine as a first line drug for malaria have encouraged to discover and develop new drugs mainly derived from natural sources. Harmsiopanax aculeatus (kapur plant) has traditionally used by people of in Maluku Province to treat malaria. However, there was no phytochemical and pharmacological studies have been done on this plant. The aims of this study were to obtain the most active antiplasmodial fraction from kapur leaves and to identify its chemical constituents. The dried powder of Kapur leaves (1.3 kg) were extracted successively by maceration with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. After removal the solvents the hexane 15.6 g (1.2%), ethyl acetate 53.3 g (4.1%) and methanol 61.1 g (4.7%) extracts were obtained. Those extracts were assayed for their in vivo antiplasmodial activities by using 4-days suppressive test in Swiss mice infected with Plasmodium berghei. The percentage of parasitemia was calculated using thin blood smears which were stained by Giemsa and observed under light microscope. The ED50 of hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts were 467.58, 2074.02 and 16.16 mg/kgBW, respectively. Fractionation of the methanol extract by vacuum liquid chromatography over silica gel eluted by solvents of increasing polarity gave 18 combined fractions (FG1 â�� FG18). Those fractions were tested for their in vitro Hem Polymerization Inhibitory Activity (HPIA). FG8 was the most active fraction with the IC50 HPIA of 18.22 Âμg/ml. Phytochemical test of this fraction using spray reagent showed the existence of essential oils, triterpenoids, and phenolic compounds. Separation of FG8 using pressed chromatography gave 19 combined fractions (FG8.1-FG8.19). The fraction containing intense blue fluorescent spot (FG8.5) was further separated by PLC fourthly eluted with chloroform. The blue fluorescent band was scrapped and then extracted with chloroform. The isolate was then analyzed by GC-MS. Seven major components with the percentage of compotition more than 3.11% were identified as eugenol (tr = 12.692