Antibacterial Activity of Phaleria macrocarpa Fruit Extracts: an In Vitro study
| Main Authors: | Ariyadi, Bambang, Zuprizal, Zuprizal |
|---|---|
| Format: | Proceeding PeerReviewed application/pdf |
| Bahasa: | eng |
| Terbitan: |
, 2017
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
https://repository.ugm.ac.id/274028/1/proceeding_nigsihetal_ANI_NUE2017.pdf https://repository.ugm.ac.id/274028/ |
Daftar Isi:
- Phaleria macrocarpa is one of the most important medicinal plants. This plant is native to Indonesia, which is originated from Papua. Its fruit is widely used as herbal medicine due to its bioactive compounds such as phenolic, benzhophenone, terpenes, and alkaloid. They contribute to the antimicrobial activities of the fruit extract. The objective of this study was to investigate antibacterial activity of Phaleria macrocarpa fruit extract against pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp.) and nonpathogenic bacteria (Lactobacillus sp.). The antibacterial activity was determined by agar well diffusion method. Antibacterial activity was in completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replicates, followed with orthogonal contrast for significant different effect. The treatments consist of control (-): water, control (+): tetracycline, and Phaleria macrocarpa fruits extract with different feed to solvent ratio (F:S) g/ml (P1 1:50, P2 1:100, P3 1:150). The result showed that tetracycline performed highest antibacterial activity. Phaleria macrocarpa fruits extract with different feed to solvent ratio could not inhibit of nonpathogenic bacteria, but could inhibit pathogenic bacteria without significant results. Our study clearly indicates that Phaleria macrocarpa fruits extract could inhibit colonization of pathogenic bacteria. Keyword: antibacterial activity, pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria, Phaleria macrocarpa Introduction Pathogenic bacteria have been considered as a crucial problem in poultry industry and can cause various diseases in human. Antibiotic is the one of manners to reduce the effect from pathogenic microbes in poultry. Most of poultry industry in Indonesia use antibiotics to maintain health and production efficiency. In veterinary, antibiotics have been used for therapeutic. While in poultry industry antibiotics have been used for growth promoter. The antibiotic serves as growth promoter by inhibiting the growth or destroying microorganisms either pathogenic or non-pathogenic, but can also give negative effect for consumer (Kirbis, 2007). The use of antibiotic for poultry diets was totally banned in Europa Community in January 2006 (Dono, 2013). One of alternatives that can be used to replace antibiotic in poultry industry is phytobiotics. Phytobiotic is a component derived from plant and incorporated in feed to improve production qualities of livestock either on the way to improve the effect of feed or improve animal production traits, as well as, to improve characteristics of the products. Phytochemicals in phytobiotic are well known to have antimicrobial ability. One of phytobiotics that commonly used in Indonesia is Phaleria macrocarpa fruits. Phaleria macrocarpa is an important medical 270 1 The 2nd International Conference on Animal Nutrition and Environment (ANI-NUE2017) Pullman Raja Orchid Hotel, Khon Kaen, Thailand, November 1-4, 2017 “Towards the Betterment of Animal Productivity, Conserving Resources and Environment” Key-note, Plenary and Lead Paper Sufficiency Economy Philosophy as a Framework for the Promotion of Sustainable Agriculture and Life Quality Charan Chantalakhana Professor Emeritus, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand Corresponding email: chantalakhana@gmail.com Abstract During the past fifty years, for most Southeast Asian countries it has been evident that due to materialistic and capitalistic economic development policies, many adverse impacts on various aspects such as economic aspects, social qualities, natural resources and environment, agricultural sustainability as well as national stability and security, have been clearly evident. It was purposed that the sufficiency economy philosophy (SEP), as initiated and experimented by the late King of Thailand (Rama IX), should be considered as an alternative for a development framework in order to contain many of the past negative impacts. The detailed principles and methods of SEP were discussed. The Gross Domestic Happiness (GDH) was purposed to be used as the indicators of the development process instead of the Gross Domestic Products (GDP) alone, as the GDH includes not only the GDP but also the values of nonmarketable household products, as well as human and community happiness. Some important recommendations relevan