IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN DALAM SISTEM BIROKRASI TERTUTUP STUDY KASUS PADA LAPAS KELAS II B CEBONGAN SLEMAN
| Main Authors: | , J Richard Riwoe, , Nur Azizah, SIP., M.Sc. |
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| Format: | Thesis NonPeerReviewed |
| Terbitan: |
[Yogyakarta] : Universitas Gadjah Mada
, 2013
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
https://repository.ugm.ac.id/128212/ http://etd.ugm.ac.id/index.php?mod=penelitian_detail&sub=PenelitianDetail&act=view&typ=html&buku_id=68547 |
Daftar Isi:
- A prison, now as known as a Correctional Institution, gives us a description that the bureaucracy system which is made in this institution is not only tight and exclusive but also supported by various regulations which cover up the policy applied in the institution. Apart from that, the exclusive bureaucracy system inside the institution is backed up by the shape of the building with high walls and barbed wire, so that it is difficult to be accessed by public, unless they get permission from a jurisdiction or an authorized institution has permitted them to enter the Correctional Institution. The Correctional Institution has repeatedly become a highlight or focus of visual media or a commentary of printed media. Negative opinion about the presence of the Correctional Institution appears almost at the same time. Many different commentaries in mass media more intensely confirm the perspective which emphasizes actors, elite and contexts, as an alternative of dissatisfaction of the institutional perspective. The exclusive bureaucracy system in the Correctional Institution makes public know nothing about the activity and policy implemented in the institution. The presence of the exclusive bureaucracy system is caused by a system formed in the Institution which directs this way, as the system which occurs in TNI area, that not everybody is allowed to enter the TNI area without permission, so that the area looks sacred and frightening. The objective of the establishment of the Correctional Institution is to achieve the goal of the Correctional Institution policy, that is, for the criminal not to repeat his wrong deed or to give him a lesson and to omit or remove the prisoner�s freedom. Every criminal in the Correctional Institution will be cultivated and guided with a system of socialisation. However, in reality, the prisoners who are put into the Institution become more professional in commiting crimes compared with his behaviour before being put into the Institution. It is often said that this institution is regarded as School of Crime. This institution becomes a safe and sound place to commit new crimes, not only in national scale but even in international scale. It has proven there is a deviation in the implementation of policy in the Correctional Institution, so that the objective in implementing the policy is not one hundred percent achieved. In the implementation of the policy in the Correctional Institution, the objective of the policy is not entirely achieved because of the occurence of deviation in implementing the policy in the institution, from Street Level Bureaucracy to the highest position in the Institution. Many different forms of deviation in implementing the policy in the Correctional Institution are caused by many factors, for example, an opportunity to do the deviation, lack of firm punishment, the needs and self -interests of the prisoners, the interaction of officers and the chief of the institution, getting additional income outside the salary, lack of public supervision and control, laziness, various forms of deviation which have become entrenched in the institution, the prisoners� and officers� disobedience to the policy, illegal transaction in the institution,a conspiration of the prisoners and officers, too many tolerances from the chief of the institution, inadequacy of facilities in the Correctional Institution, lack of human resources that manage the Institution, the chief of Institution does not do the supervision in accordance with SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) regularly, transparently and honestly all the way down from the chief to the officers in charge in the institution towards public, efforts to cover up and protect one another or cooperation between the officers and prisoners in the institution and the exclusive bureaucracy system which is built in the institution. Therefore, any forms of deviation could happen in the institution and become entrenched systematically. If an information is covered up from public, it indicates that there is a deviation done by the country�s administers/executors. There is grey area when public information is covered up, one of them is the effect of corruption. An institution which is not open becomes very susceptible to any kinds of deviation. According to Bentham, as quoted by Saldi Isra(2009:159), an institution which is not open is very susceptible to any kinds of deviation. A good synergy in government bureaucracy system (Good Governance) should be demonstrated by Government bureaucracy in the form of accountability, that includes transparency, openness and integrity of the synergy of the government bureaucracy. If synergy of bureaucracy is able to create an accountability in its synergy, an implementation of policy implemented by implementors (synergy of bureaucracy) can achieve the objective, as expected by the policy. On the contrary, an exclusive and centralized bureaucracy tends to produce a scarcity of open people in it. That is why the most essential effort to reform the government bureaucracy is how to change the mindset and behaviour of public bureaucracy actors. The success of a policy is on the implementation process. An implementation of policy is the important aspect of the overall process of policy. Pareto theory, public policy is 20% factor which causes the 80% result. A well made policy that is to achieve a good objective is not always achieved well as expected, if it is not properly implemented by performers of policy in the lowest level. The implementation of policy is a failure... A good planning or policy will determine good result. Even the contribution of concept reaches 60% success. If they have a good concept, 60% success is in hand. But the 60% success will disappear if the 40% implementation is`not consistent with the concept.