PERFORMANCE OF PARTICIPATORY PLANNING PROCESS IN URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECT OF NATIONAL PROGRAM FOR COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT: CASE STUDY PROGRAM NASIONAL PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT- MANDIRI PERKOTAAN (PNPM-MP) IN SAMBAS WEST KALIMANTAN PROVINCE, INDONESIA
| Main Authors: | , Edi, , Ir. Leksono Probo Subanu, MURP., Ph.D. |
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| Format: | Thesis NonPeerReviewed |
| Terbitan: |
[Yogyakarta] : Universitas Gadjah Mada
, 2013
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
https://repository.ugm.ac.id/126043/ http://etd.ugm.ac.id/index.php?mod=penelitian_detail&sub=PenelitianDetail&act=view&typ=html&buku_id=66233 |
Daftar Isi:
- In 2005, the central government of Indonesia introduced the PNPM program to revive community participation and commitment to work together, build social capital and create sustainability of development interventions. This is because of the failure of previous development programmes which were seen as not really representing community needs. Since 2009, the PNPM-MP has been implemented in Sambas with three main components: social, economic and environment. The program is concerned with the disadvantaged community groups. The main research objective of this study is to measure the performance of the participatory process and determine what factors have influenced the said performance. The research provides direct answers to or practical findings on the participatory approach in the Sambas West Kalimantan Province. The Regency may use the findings to further improve the participation of its citizens in the urban area to strengthen community ownership and ultimately ensure sustainability. The research type is exploratory and explanatory to help understand the nature of the participatory process and also identify the key factors influencing the participatory process. The research adopts a qualitative method as an approach. The urban areas of Durian, Pendawan and Tanjung Bugis are randomly selected to represent the performance of participatory planning in urban infrastructure project due to their closeness to the city centre and the complexity of urban problems and issues. One of the findings in this research is that community participation is very strong in the above mentioned three urban communities. It has been evident in several actions in the project implementation such as providing labour, money, building materials and land for projects. The performance of participatory planning in PNPM-MP is relatively running smoothly in terms of implementation. Decisions are always stem from discussions, which accommodate the views from the participants in the meetings. The most important factors that influence the performance of the participatory planning process in Sambas are leadership support to participation and trust that was built along the process. Government leaders also have strong influence on the organization and access to funding and other resources such as human resources or staffs. The government has the authority to use the funding and resources. On the other hand, community leaders, as role models, motivate and inspire the community to engage in the participation process. Trust, as a basis for cooperation, was also perceived as a very important factor. It is strengthened by transparency during the decision making process, implementation, administration of the project, and funding matters. Nonetheless, the established community organization (LKM and KSM) in Sambas sub-district has become very strategic to drive community to cooperate more with each other to overcome poverty in the neighbourhood. Finally, the PNPM-MP in Sambas is a success story in urban infrastructure project. Enthusiasm of the community toward the program could be a basis for the government to replicate the participation development programs. Replicating a program such as this to different projects and institutionalizing the mechanism of community participation in development are necessary to revive community�s participation. As a result, community�s participation will be nourishing in community level and participation approach is becoming the community�s tool to solve environment problem independently.