AKTIVASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS KATALIS Pt/ZEOLIT UNTUK ESTERIFIKASI-TRANSESTERIFIKASI MINYAK JARAK (Ricinus communis)
| Main Authors: | , NOVITA ERMA YUNIASTUTI, , Dra. Ani Setyopratiwi, M.Si. |
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| Format: | Thesis NonPeerReviewed |
| Terbitan: |
[Yogyakarta] : Universitas Gadjah Mada
, 2013
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
https://repository.ugm.ac.id/125869/ http://etd.ugm.ac.id/index.php?mod=penelitian_detail&sub=PenelitianDetail&act=view&typ=html&buku_id=66050 |
Daftar Isi:
- Activation and activity test of Pt/zeolite catalyst for esterification-transesterification of castor oil to methyl ester have been conducted. Activation of Pt/zeolite and H-zeolite catalysts was performed by using microwave calcination at 500°C. The catalysts characterization included analysis of acidity, surface area, pore volume, average pore radius, mineral types, and functional groups. Activity test of this catalysts have been conducted for esterification of free fatty acid in castor oil with methanol using various concentrations of Pt/zeolite and H-zeolite catalysts for comparison. The content of free fatty acid in esterification products were analyzed. The products of esterification were transesterified using methanol and 1% NaOH to convert triglyceride to methyl ester. The content of methyl ester in transesterification product was analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The result of investigation showed that Pt/zeolite and H-zeolite catalysts acidity was 0.62 mmol/g and 0.18 mmol/g respectively. Measurement of surface area, pore volume, and average pore radius of Pt/zeolite catalysts respectively of 28.043 m2/g, 7.310 x 10-2 cc/g, and 52.1341 �, where H-zeolite catalysts of 84.530 m2/g, 1.005 x 10-1 cc/g , and 23.7721 �. The Pt/zeolite and H-zeolite catalysts are mordenite and clinoptilolite types. Infrared absorption of TO4 groups (T=Si or Al) at wave number 1087 cm-1. Activity of Pt/zeolite and H-zeolite catalysts for esterification reaction showed that increasing catalysts concentration, the free fatty acid content was decreased. Esterification of castor oil increase the product of methyl ester in the transesterification stage, where the highest biodiesel conversion (76.47%) was obtained with 4.5% of Pt/zeolite catalyst. Methyl ester product consists of methyl ricinoleic (92.85%), methyl palmitate (0.51%), methyl oleate (5.15%), and methyl stearate (0.60 %).