SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI KATALIS MgO/Î3-ALUMINA DAN CaO/Î3-ALUMINA UNTUK TRANSESTERIFIKASI MINYAK JARAK (Ricinus communis) MENJADI BIODIESEL SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MgO/Î3-ALUMINA AND CaO/Î3-ALUMINA CATALYST FOR TRANSESTERIFICATION OF CASTOR OIL (Ricinus communis) INTO BIODIESEL
| Main Authors: | , DITA ADI SAPUTRA, , Prof. Dr. Triyono, S.U. |
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| Format: | Thesis NonPeerReviewed |
| Terbitan: |
[Yogyakarta] : Universitas Gadjah Mada
, 2013
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
https://repository.ugm.ac.id/122907/ http://etd.ugm.ac.id/index.php?mod=penelitian_detail&sub=PenelitianDetail&act=view&typ=html&buku_id=63016 |
Daftar Isi:
- MgO/Î3- Preparation and characterization of alumina and CaO/Î3-alumina catalysts for transesterification of castor oil (Ricinus communis) into biodiesel have been carried out. Preparation of MgO/Î3-alumina and CaO/Î3-alumina catalysts was conducted by loading 10 wt.% of MgO and CaO into the Î3-alumina by wet impregnation method, catalyst activated by calcinated and oxidized. Characterization of catalysts was done by determining bacicity, crystallinity, amount of metal loaded, specific suface area, total pore volume and average pore radius. The determination of bacicity was carried out by Hammet method. Crystallinity of catalysts was analyzed using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Amount of MgO and CaO loaded in Î3-alumina was determined by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF). Specific surface area and total pore volume were determined by surface area analyzer, average radius were determined by BJH method. Transesterification of castor oil with a variety of catalysts and catalyst weight variations performed in a batch system at a temperature of 60 °C for 2 h. Biodiesel product was analyzed by GC-MS to determine the percentage of esters formed. The catalyst with highest selectivity toward methyl ricinoleate was chosen to be varied of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 wt.%. Product of biodiesel from variation of catalyst weight with the highest selectivity toward methyl ricinoleate was then analyzed by ASTM (American Standart of Testing Materials) of biodiesel. The results showed that addition of MgO and CaO toward Î3-alumina increase the bacicity and average pore radius, and decrease specific surface area of Î3-alumina. The highest fatty acid (as ester) content of castor oil is ricinoleic acid (90 %). The largest conversion of biodiesel product was 83.96 wt.% with selectivity toward methyl ricinoleate of 71.68 % and total conversion of methyl ester of 56.25 % was shown by CaO/Î3-alumina catalyst in 5 wt.%. The largest selectivity toward methyl ricinoleate was shown by CaO/Î3-alumina catalyst in 4 wt.% catalyst was 90.20 % with conversion of 83.57 wt.% and total conversion of methyl ester was 62.5 %. ASTM test result biodiesel of castor oil has a kinematic viscosity (40°C) large 15.67mm2/s, flash point at 222.5°C, pour point at < -27°C, and cloud point at 15°C. In general, biodiesel of castor oil can be used as fuel for diesel engines.