PERBEDAAN KADAR ENDOTELIN-1 PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 WANITA DENGAN RETINOPATI ATAU NEFROPATI DIBANDINGKAN TANPA RETINOPATI DAN NEFROPATI
| Main Authors: | , SITI MUZAYYANAH, , dr. Luthfan Budi Purnomo, SpPD-KEMD |
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| Format: | Thesis NonPeerReviewed |
| Terbitan: |
[Yogyakarta] : Universitas Gadjah Mada
, 2012
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
https://repository.ugm.ac.id/100126/ http://etd.ugm.ac.id/index.php?mod=penelitian_detail&sub=PenelitianDetail&act=view&typ=html&buku_id=56606 |
Daftar Isi:
- Background. Chronic complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) include microangiopathy and macroangiopathy. Microangiopathy include retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy, while macroangiopathy include coronary heart disease, stroke and peripheral arterial disease. In type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) when the diagnosis is established, approximately 25% had suffered nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. Within 1-3 years of non proliferative retinopathy progress to proliferative diabetic retinopathy can eventually lead to retinal detachment, glaucoma and blindness. Diabetic nephropathy occurs in 20- 40% of patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) and is a high risk of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). Endothelial dysfunction underlies all of this. Markers of endothelial endothelin-1 is assessed in patients with type 2 diabetes with retinopathy or nephropathy and without retinopathy and nephropathy. Aim. To evaluate the difference levels of endothelin-1 in type 2 diabetes mellitus women with retinopathy or nephropathy and without retinopathy and nephropathy. Methods. Cross sectional design was conducted on subjects from outpatients type 2 diabetes mellitus women with retinopathy or nephropathy compared without retinopathy and nephropathy at endocrinology clinic, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta. ELISA sandwich�s methods was used to measure plasma levels of endothelin-1 from veins blood. Differences between groups were compared by student�s unpaired t-test and Mann-Whitney test ( significant when p<0.05). Diabetic retinopathy is enforced through inspection fundoskopi. Diabetic nephropathy is made by albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) � 30ug/mg. Results. There are 52 female subjects with type 2 DM is composed of 26 (50%) subjects with retinopathy or nephropathy and 26 (50%) subjects without retinopathy and nephropathy. Median age was 54 (44-59) years. The mean levels of endothelin-1 obtained was higher in women with type-2 diabetes mellitus with retinopathy or nephropathy (19,47 ± 9,94 ng / ml) compared with no retinopathy and nephropathy (17,64 ± 11,63 ng / ml), although the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0,944). Conclusion. Endothelin-1 levels were higher in women with type-2 diabetes mellitus with retinopathy or nephropathy than without retinopathy and nephropathy, but the difference was not statistically significant.