ANTIBACTERIALS FOR SYSTEMIC USE IN PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRE IN PROBOLINGGO: WHERE A JUDICIOUS ANTIBIOTIC USE GOES?
| Main Author: | Herawati, Fauna |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article PeerReviewed application/pdf |
| Terbitan: |
John Wiley & Sons
, 2014
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
http://repository.ubaya.ac.id/21494/1/Jurnal%20APSR%202014%20p.176.pdf http://repository.ubaya.ac.id/21494/7/Poster%20APSR%202014.pdf http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/resp.12417_11/abstract http://repository.ubaya.ac.id/21494/ |
Daftar Isi:
- Introduction: Indonesian National Formulary was published to support rational drug use in universal coverage era. A consideration of antibiotic choices in primary health centre is limited, usually narrow spectrum and to treat susceptible bacteria. Methods: We gathered information from six primary/community health centre in district Probolinggo. There are more than nine thousand to more than twenty three thousand people visit those health centres a year. The amount of antibiotic use was calculated in Defined Daily Dose (DDD) per 1000 patient visit day on J01 (ATC classification for antibacterials for systemic use). Data analysis with One Way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) Microsoft excels to identify the antibiotic usage significance differences between primary health centres. Results: Eight antibiotics (amoxicillin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, phenoxymethylpenicillin, procaine benzylpenicillin, and tetracycline) are antibiotic for primary health centre; five antibiotics (cefadroxil, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, clindamycin, levofloxacin) are antibiotic which should only use at secondary or tertiary health centre according to Indonesian National Formulary 2013. Its DDD per 1000 patient visit day differ significantly (p < 0.05), i.e. 2.67; 3.27; 3.82; 4.14; 4.86; 6.22 respectively. The most three infectious diseases in those community health centres are upper respiratory tract infection, diarrhea, and influenza; which, usually, are caused by virus, not bacteria. Conclusion: In this district broad spectrum antibiotics are used to treat some infectious disease, mostly caused by virus. Injudicious antibiotic use may increase the incidence of antibiotic resistance.