Prevalence and Related Factor of Asthma Towards Children Aged 13rd-14th in Rural Area
| Main Authors: | Wanami Putri, Ni Made Wini Jayesthiwi, Mayangsari, Ayu Setyorini Mestika, Sidiartha, I Gusti Lanang, Adnyana, I Gusti Agung Ngurah Sugitha |
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| Format: | Article info application/pdf eJournal |
| Bahasa: | eng |
| Terbitan: |
Universitas Udayana
, 2022
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| Online Access: |
https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eum/article/view/67655 https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eum/article/view/67655/43721 |
Daftar Isi:
- There are 300 million people in all aged have an asthma, or it reach 1-16% prevalent of asthma in children worldwide. The study of prevalence and risk related factors of asthma in rural daerah is still very limited nowadays. The design of this study is cross-sectional quantitative study, with epidemiology analytic design. This study was conducted in Junior High School 1 in Sukawati, Sukawati Village, Gianyar, Bali. There are 557 samples of children aged 13rd-14th. The samples were collected based on constitutional sampling method. This study used ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood) electronic questionnaires. The aims of this study was to determine the relation between prevalence of asthma and its related factors dermatitis atopic, allergies rhinitis, states of nutrition, atopic diseases in family, passive smokers, and fast food consumption in rural daerah in Bali. Prevalence of asthma in Bali in this study is 7.5%. Based on the analysis, allergic rhinitis (RP= 2.09 IK95%= 1.1-3.72 p= 0.01), atopic dermatitis (RP=4.33 IK95%=2.34-8.02 p=0.0001), and atopic diseases in family (RP= 2.56 IK95%=1.42-4.63 p=0.001), had a significant difference result with the prevalence of asthma. Besides, obesity (RP=0.98 IK95%=0.48-2.0 p=0.96), passive smokers (RP=1.52 IK95%=0.84-2.74 p=0.16), and fast food consumption (RP=1.24 IK95%=0.65-2.35 p=0.51), did not have any significant different result with the prevalence of asthma. Internal risk factors have a significant result towards the prevalence of asthma. Meanwhile, external risk factors need more exploration and research to know its effect on exacerbation and incident of asthma. Keyword: Asthma, ISAAC, Prevalence, Related Factors
- Penderita asma di seluruh dunia berjumlah sebanyak 300 juta orang dengan prevalens sebesar 1 sampai 16% populasi dunia. Namun belum diketahui prevalens dan faktor risiko asma di daerah rural. Asma merupakan penyakit saluran napas kronis multifaktorial, sehingga penelusuran prevalens dan faktor risiko asma dilakukan untuk pencegahan dan penanganan kasus asma. Rancangan desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian epidemiologis analitik potong lintang. Penelitian dilakukan di SMP Negeri 1 Sukawati, Desa Sukawati, Kabupaten Gianyar, Bali. Total terdapat 557 sampel anak berusia 13-14 tahun yang didapat dari pengambilan sampel secara konstitusional. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuisioner ISAAC atauu International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood elektronik. Penelitian ini ingin mencari hubungan antara riwayat dermatitis atopi, rhinitis, kelebihan berat badan, penyakit atopi keluarga, perokok pasif, konsumsi makanan cepat saji dengan angka kejadian asma pada daerah rural di Bali. Prevalens asma yang didapat dari penelitian ini adalah 7,5%. Berdasarkan analisis data, didapatkan rhinitis alergi (RP=2,09 IK95%=1,1-3,72 p=0,01), dermatitis atopik (RP=4,33 IK95%=2,34-8,02 p=0,0001), dan riwayat penyakit atopi keluarga (RP= 2,56 IK95% 1,42-4,63 p=0,001) memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan angka kejadian asma. Sedangkan obesitas dan overweight anak (RP=0,98 IK95%=0,48-2,0 p=0,96), perokok pasif (RP=1,52 IK95%=0,84-2,74 p=0,16), dan riwayat konsumsi makanan cepat saji (RP=1,24 IK95%=0,65-2,35 p=0,51) tidak memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan angka kejadian asma anak. Faktor risiko internal memiliki hubungan dalam berkembangnya penyakit asma pada anak. Sedangkan, faktor risiko eksternal memerlukan penelusuran lebih jauh untuk melihat dampaknya terhadap perkembangan dan perburukan gejala asma. Kata kunci: Asma, ISAAC, Prevalens, Faktor Berhubungan