Ekstraksi dan Komposisi Minyak Asiri Biji Pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) Berdasarkan Warna Kulit Biji
| Main Authors: | Makin, Florian Mayesti Prima Remba, ., Welsiliana, Liunokas, Angreni Beaktris |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article info application/pdf eJournal |
| Bahasa: | ind |
| Terbitan: |
Prodi Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Udayana
, 2022
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| Online Access: |
https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/metamorfosa/article/view/74202 https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/metamorfosa/article/view/74202/46546 |
Daftar Isi:
- Pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) merupakan tumbuhan asli Indonesia. Salah satu produk pala yang menjadi komoditas dagang dan diekspor adalah biji. Biji pala atau yang biasa disebut nutmeg banyak diminati karena mengandung banyak senyawa aromatik dalam bentuk minyak asiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengekstraksi dan mengetahui komposisi minyak asiri biji berdasarkan perbedaan warna kulit biji. Sampel segar diekstrak dan dianalisis menggunakan GC-MS. Hasil menunjukan dua belas senyawa diidentifikasi pada B1 dan sebelas senyawa biji B2 yang didominasi monoterpena masing-masing 85,76% dan 80,56%; sisanya senyawa fenol-eter aromatik. Monoterpena dominan biji B1 dan B2, di antaranya adalah sabinena (48,57%; 46,38%), ?-pinena (13,86%; 12,45%), dan ?-pinena (13,36%; 12,36%). Senyawa fenol-eter aromatik seperti miristisin (11,42%) dan eugenol (0,62%) pada biji B1 dan miristisin (16,50%) dan metoksieugenol (0,92%) pada biji B2. Minyak asiri biji pala didominasi oleh senyawa monoterpena dan sedikit senyawa fenol-eter aromatik. Kata kunci: biji pala, fenol-eter aromatik, minyak asiri, monoterpena
- Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) is native to Indonesia. One of the nutmeg products that are traded and exported is seeds. Nutmeg or what is commonly called nutmeg is in great demand because it contains many aromatic compounds in the form of essential oils. This study aims to extract and determine the composition of seed essential oils based on differences in seed coat color. Fresh samples were extracted and analyzed using GC-MS. The results showed that twelve compounds were identified in B1 and eleven seed compounds of B2 which were dominated by monoterpenes, respectively 85,76% and 80,56%; the rest are aromatic phenol-ether compounds. The dominant monoterpenes of B1 and B2 seeds, are sabinene (48,57%; 46,38%), ?-pinene (13,86%; 12,45%), and ?-pinene (13,36%; 12, 36%). Aromatic phenol-ether compounds such as myristicin (11,42%) and eugenol (0,62%) for B1 seeds and myristicin (16,50%) and metoksieugenol (0,92%) for B2 seeds. Nutmeg essential oil is dominated by monoterpenes and a few aromatic phenol-ether compounds. Keywords: nutmeg, aromatic phenol-ethers, essential oils, monoterpenes