Analisa skema bisnis pengembangan dan penentuan harga listrik panas bumi di Indonesia = Analysis of the business development schemes and electricity prices determination of geothermal in Indonesia
| Main Authors: | Ariono Ifandry, author, Add author: Rinaldy Dalimi, supervisor, Add author: Rudy Setiabudy, examiner, Add author: Eko Adhi Setiawan, examiner, Add author: Amien Rahardjo, examiner |
|---|---|
| Format: | Masters Bachelors |
| Terbitan: |
, 2012
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
https://lib.ui.ac.id/detail?id=20315246 |
| ctrlnum |
20315246 |
|---|---|
| fullrecord |
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<dc schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"><type>Thesis:Masters</type><title>Analisa skema bisnis pengembangan dan penentuan harga listrik panas bumi di Indonesia = Analysis of the business development schemes and electricity prices determination of geothermal in Indonesia</title><creator>Ariono Ifandry, author</creator><creator>Add author: Rinaldy Dalimi, supervisor</creator><creator>Add author: Rudy Setiabudy, examiner</creator><creator>Add author: Eko Adhi Setiawan, examiner</creator><creator>Add author: Amien Rahardjo, examiner</creator><publisher/><date>2012</date><subject>Geothermal power plants</subject><description>[<b>ABSTRAK</b><br>
Indonesia saat ini memiliki potensi panas bumi mencapai 29.038MW
yang tersebar di 276 lokasi. Namun ironisnya, dengan potensi sebesar itu, hanya
sekitar 4% potensi yang sudah dimanfaatkan. Saat ini Indonesia menempati posisi
3 (tiga) pengembangan PLTP di seluruh dunia dibawah Amerika Serikat dan
Filipina. Hal yang perlu diperhatikan adalah walau potensi panas bumi Indonesia
sangat besar, pengembangan PLTP menemui beberapa kendala. Dari sisi
pentarifan, harga dasar listrik masih rendah serta resiko investor terutama
kegagalan ketika eksplorasi cukup besar sehingga kurang mendorong
berinvestasi. Sehingga diperlukan analisa terhadap skema bisnis pengembangan
panas bumi di Indonesia, serta faktor-faktor pendukungnya.
<br><br>
Tesis ini menganalisa skema bisnis pengembangan panas bumi di
Indonesia serta penentuan harga listrik panas bumi di Indonesia dalam kaitan
penerapan mekanisme risk sharing sebagaimana yang diterapkan oleh Filipina
dan Selandia Baru dalam pengembangan panas bumi. Teknik yang digunakan
adalah teknik Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) sebagai analisa
secara kuantitatif guna mengukur kelebihan, kekurangan, peluang serta ancaman
dari masing-masing strategi alternatif terhadap skema bisnis pengembangan
panas bumi di Indonesia.
<br><br>
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 3 (tiga) strategi alternatif yang
dirumuskan berdasarkan Matriks SWOT, maka strategi alternatif ? 3 yang dipilih
untuk diterapkan di Indonesia dengan nilai Sum Total Attractive Score (STAS)
dari faktor-faktor internal utama sebesar 3,69 dan faktor-faktor eksternal utama
sebesar 3,86, yaitu mempersempit kesenjangan harga listrik panas bumi dengan
melakukan mitigasi resiko serta menekan tingkat resiko proyek dimana
pelaksanaan tender dilakukan setelah eksplorasi, dengan demikian pengembang
dapat menentukan teknologi, skema peralatan, dan biaya investasi dengan lebih
akurat (Site Specific). Dalam strategi alternatif ? 3, proses tender dilakukan oleh
PLN atau BUMN yang ditugaskan secara khusus (Badan Pelaksana Panas Bumi)
sehingga mitigasi resiko eskplorasi tergabung dalam satu badan yang diharapkan
dapat menurunkan harga listrik panas bumi serta mendukung iklim investasi
panas bumi di Indonesia.
;Indonesia currently has geothermal potential reaches 29.038MW spread
over 276 locations. But ironically, with the potential for it, only about 4% of the
potential that has been utilized. Indonesia currently occupies the position of 3
(three) the development of geothermal power plants around the world under the
United States and the Philippines. The thing to note is that despite Indonesia's
geothermal potential is enormous, the development of geothermal power plants to
meet some constraints. Of the tariff, the price of electricity is low and investors'
risk of failure, especially when exploring large enough to invest less encouraging.
So that the required analysis of the business scheme of geothermal development in
Indonesia, as well as supporting factors.
<br><br>
This Tesis analyze the business scheme of geothermal development in
Indonesia as well as the determination of the electricity price of geothermal in
Indonesia in relation to the application of risk sharing mechanism as implemented
by the Philippines and New Zealand in the development of geothermal energy.
The technique used is the technique of Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix
(QSPM) as a quantitative analysis to measure the strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities and threats of each alternative strategy to the business schemes of
geothermal development in Indonesia.
<br>
The results showed that of 3 (three) alternative strategies are formulated
based on the SWOT matrix, then the alternative strategy - 3 selected to be
implemented in Indonesia with Total Attractive Score (TAS) of the major internal
factors of 3.69 and external factors main of 3.86, which is narrowing the price gap
of the geothermal power to mitigate risks and push the level of project risk which
the tender after the implementation of exploration, so the developer can define the
technology, equipment schemes, and investment costs with more accurate (Site
Specific). In the alternative strategy - 3, the tender process conducted by PLN or
BUMN which specifically assigned (Badan Pelaksana Panas Bumi) so that
exploration risk mitigation incorporated in the same agency that is expected to
lower the price of geothermal power and geothermal energy to support the
investment climate in Indonesia.;Indonesia currently has geothermal potential reaches 29.038MW spread
over 276 locations. But ironically, with the potential for it, only about 4% of the
potential that has been utilized. Indonesia currently occupies the position of 3
(three) the development of geothermal power plants around the world under the
United States and the Philippines. The thing to note is that despite Indonesia's
geothermal potential is enormous, the development of geothermal power plants to
meet some constraints. Of the tariff, the price of electricity is low and investors'
risk of failure, especially when exploring large enough to invest less encouraging.
So that the required analysis of the business scheme of geothermal development in
Indonesia, as well as supporting factors.
<br><br>
This Tesis analyze the business scheme of geothermal development in
Indonesia as well as the determination of the electricity price of geothermal in
Indonesia in relation to the application of risk sharing mechanism as implemented
by the Philippines and New Zealand in the development of geothermal energy.
The technique used is the technique of Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix
(QSPM) as a quantitative analysis to measure the strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities and threats of each alternative strategy to the business schemes of
geothermal development in Indonesia.
<br>
The results showed that of 3 (three) alternative strategies are formulated
based on the SWOT matrix, then the alternative strategy - 3 selected to be
implemented in Indonesia with Total Attractive Score (TAS) of the major internal
factors of 3.69 and external factors main of 3.86, which is narrowing the price gap
of the geothermal power to mitigate risks and push the level of project risk which
the tender after the implementation of exploration, so the developer can define the
technology, equipment schemes, and investment costs with more accurate (Site
Specific). In the alternative strategy - 3, the tender process conducted by PLN or
BUMN which specifically assigned (Badan Pelaksana Panas Bumi) so that
exploration risk mitigation incorporated in the same agency that is expected to
lower the price of geothermal power and geothermal energy to support the
investment climate in Indonesia.;Indonesia currently has geothermal potential reaches 29.038MW spread
over 276 locations. But ironically, with the potential for it, only about 4% of the
potential that has been utilized. Indonesia currently occupies the position of 3
(three) the development of geothermal power plants around the world under the
United States and the Philippines. The thing to note is that despite Indonesia's
geothermal potential is enormous, the development of geothermal power plants to
meet some constraints. Of the tariff, the price of electricity is low and investors'
risk of failure, especially when exploring large enough to invest less encouraging.
So that the required analysis of the business scheme of geothermal development in
Indonesia, as well as supporting factors.
<br><br>
This Tesis analyze the business scheme of geothermal development in
Indonesia as well as the determination of the electricity price of geothermal in
Indonesia in relation to the application of risk sharing mechanism as implemented
by the Philippines and New Zealand in the development of geothermal energy.
The technique used is the technique of Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix
(QSPM) as a quantitative analysis to measure the strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities and threats of each alternative strategy to the business schemes of
geothermal development in Indonesia.
<br>
The results showed that of 3 (three) alternative strategies are formulated
based on the SWOT matrix, then the alternative strategy - 3 selected to be
implemented in Indonesia with Total Attractive Score (TAS) of the major internal
factors of 3.69 and external factors main of 3.86, which is narrowing the price gap
of the geothermal power to mitigate risks and push the level of project risk which
the tender after the implementation of exploration, so the developer can define the
technology, equipment schemes, and investment costs with more accurate (Site
Specific). In the alternative strategy - 3, the tender process conducted by PLN or
BUMN which specifically assigned (Badan Pelaksana Panas Bumi) so that
exploration risk mitigation incorporated in the same agency that is expected to
lower the price of geothermal power and geothermal energy to support the
investment climate in Indonesia.;Indonesia currently has geothermal potential reaches 29.038MW spread
over 276 locations. But ironically, with the potential for it, only about 4% of the
potential that has been utilized. Indonesia currently occupies the position of 3
(three) the development of geothermal power plants around the world under the
United States and the Philippines. The thing to note is that despite Indonesia's
geothermal potential is enormous, the development of geothermal power plants to
meet some constraints. Of the tariff, the price of electricity is low and investors'
risk of failure, especially when exploring large enough to invest less encouraging.
So that the required analysis of the business scheme of geothermal development in
Indonesia, as well as supporting factors.
<br><br>
This Tesis analyze the business scheme of geothermal development in
Indonesia as well as the determination of the electricity price of geothermal in
Indonesia in relation to the application of risk sharing mechanism as implemented
by the Philippines and New Zealand in the development of geothermal energy.
The technique used is the technique of Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix
(QSPM) as a quantitative analysis to measure the strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities and threats of each alternative strategy to the business schemes of
geothermal development in Indonesia.
<br>
The results showed that of 3 (three) alternative strategies are formulated
based on the SWOT matrix, then the alternative strategy - 3 selected to be
implemented in Indonesia with Total Attractive Score (TAS) of the major internal
factors of 3.69 and external factors main of 3.86, which is narrowing the price gap
of the geothermal power to mitigate risks and push the level of project risk which
the tender after the implementation of exploration, so the developer can define the
technology, equipment schemes, and investment costs with more accurate (Site
Specific). In the alternative strategy - 3, the tender process conducted by PLN or
BUMN which specifically assigned (Badan Pelaksana Panas Bumi) so that
exploration risk mitigation incorporated in the same agency that is expected to
lower the price of geothermal power and geothermal energy to support the
investment climate in Indonesia., Indonesia currently has geothermal potential reaches 29.038MW spread
over 276 locations. But ironically, with the potential for it, only about 4% of the
potential that has been utilized. Indonesia currently occupies the position of 3
(three) the development of geothermal power plants around the world under the
United States and the Philippines. The thing to note is that despite Indonesia's
geothermal potential is enormous, the development of geothermal power plants to
meet some constraints. Of the tariff, the price of electricity is low and investors'
risk of failure, especially when exploring large enough to invest less encouraging.
So that the required analysis of the business scheme of geothermal development in
Indonesia, as well as supporting factors.
<br><br>
This Tesis analyze the business scheme of geothermal development in
Indonesia as well as the determination of the electricity price of geothermal in
Indonesia in relation to the application of risk sharing mechanism as implemented
by the Philippines and New Zealand in the development of geothermal energy.
The technique used is the technique of Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix
(QSPM) as a quantitative analysis to measure the strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities and threats of each alternative strategy to the business schemes of
geothermal development in Indonesia.
<br>
The results showed that of 3 (three) alternative strategies are formulated
based on the SWOT matrix, then the alternative strategy - 3 selected to be
implemented in Indonesia with Total Attractive Score (TAS) of the major internal
factors of 3.69 and external factors main of 3.86, which is narrowing the price gap
of the geothermal power to mitigate risks and push the level of project risk which
the tender after the implementation of exploration, so the developer can define the
technology, equipment schemes, and investment costs with more accurate (Site
Specific). In the alternative strategy - 3, the tender process conducted by PLN or
BUMN which specifically assigned (Badan Pelaksana Panas Bumi) so that
exploration risk mitigation incorporated in the same agency that is expected to
lower the price of geothermal power and geothermal energy to support the
investment climate in Indonesia.]</description><identifier>https://lib.ui.ac.id/detail?id=20315246</identifier><recordID>20315246</recordID></dc>
|
| format |
Thesis:Masters Thesis Thesis:Bachelors |
| author |
Ariono Ifandry, author Add author: Rinaldy Dalimi, supervisor Add author: Rudy Setiabudy, examiner Add author: Eko Adhi Setiawan, examiner Add author: Amien Rahardjo, examiner |
| title |
Analisa skema bisnis pengembangan dan penentuan harga listrik panas bumi di Indonesia = Analysis of the business development schemes and electricity prices determination of geothermal in Indonesia |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| topic |
Geothermal power plants |
| url |
https://lib.ui.ac.id/detail?id=20315246 |
| contents |
[<b>ABSTRAK</b><br>
Indonesia saat ini memiliki potensi panas bumi mencapai 29.038MW
yang tersebar di 276 lokasi. Namun ironisnya, dengan potensi sebesar itu, hanya
sekitar 4% potensi yang sudah dimanfaatkan. Saat ini Indonesia menempati posisi
3 (tiga) pengembangan PLTP di seluruh dunia dibawah Amerika Serikat dan
Filipina. Hal yang perlu diperhatikan adalah walau potensi panas bumi Indonesia
sangat besar, pengembangan PLTP menemui beberapa kendala. Dari sisi
pentarifan, harga dasar listrik masih rendah serta resiko investor terutama
kegagalan ketika eksplorasi cukup besar sehingga kurang mendorong
berinvestasi. Sehingga diperlukan analisa terhadap skema bisnis pengembangan
panas bumi di Indonesia, serta faktor-faktor pendukungnya.
<br><br>
Tesis ini menganalisa skema bisnis pengembangan panas bumi di
Indonesia serta penentuan harga listrik panas bumi di Indonesia dalam kaitan
penerapan mekanisme risk sharing sebagaimana yang diterapkan oleh Filipina
dan Selandia Baru dalam pengembangan panas bumi. Teknik yang digunakan
adalah teknik Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) sebagai analisa
secara kuantitatif guna mengukur kelebihan, kekurangan, peluang serta ancaman
dari masing-masing strategi alternatif terhadap skema bisnis pengembangan
panas bumi di Indonesia.
<br><br>
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 3 (tiga) strategi alternatif yang
dirumuskan berdasarkan Matriks SWOT, maka strategi alternatif ? 3 yang dipilih
untuk diterapkan di Indonesia dengan nilai Sum Total Attractive Score (STAS)
dari faktor-faktor internal utama sebesar 3,69 dan faktor-faktor eksternal utama
sebesar 3,86, yaitu mempersempit kesenjangan harga listrik panas bumi dengan
melakukan mitigasi resiko serta menekan tingkat resiko proyek dimana
pelaksanaan tender dilakukan setelah eksplorasi, dengan demikian pengembang
dapat menentukan teknologi, skema peralatan, dan biaya investasi dengan lebih
akurat (Site Specific). Dalam strategi alternatif ? 3, proses tender dilakukan oleh
PLN atau BUMN yang ditugaskan secara khusus (Badan Pelaksana Panas Bumi)
sehingga mitigasi resiko eskplorasi tergabung dalam satu badan yang diharapkan
dapat menurunkan harga listrik panas bumi serta mendukung iklim investasi
panas bumi di Indonesia.
;Indonesia currently has geothermal potential reaches 29.038MW spread
over 276 locations. But ironically, with the potential for it, only about 4% of the
potential that has been utilized. Indonesia currently occupies the position of 3
(three) the development of geothermal power plants around the world under the
United States and the Philippines. The thing to note is that despite Indonesia's
geothermal potential is enormous, the development of geothermal power plants to
meet some constraints. Of the tariff, the price of electricity is low and investors'
risk of failure, especially when exploring large enough to invest less encouraging.
So that the required analysis of the business scheme of geothermal development in
Indonesia, as well as supporting factors.
<br><br>
This Tesis analyze the business scheme of geothermal development in
Indonesia as well as the determination of the electricity price of geothermal in
Indonesia in relation to the application of risk sharing mechanism as implemented
by the Philippines and New Zealand in the development of geothermal energy.
The technique used is the technique of Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix
(QSPM) as a quantitative analysis to measure the strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities and threats of each alternative strategy to the business schemes of
geothermal development in Indonesia.
<br>
The results showed that of 3 (three) alternative strategies are formulated
based on the SWOT matrix, then the alternative strategy - 3 selected to be
implemented in Indonesia with Total Attractive Score (TAS) of the major internal
factors of 3.69 and external factors main of 3.86, which is narrowing the price gap
of the geothermal power to mitigate risks and push the level of project risk which
the tender after the implementation of exploration, so the developer can define the
technology, equipment schemes, and investment costs with more accurate (Site
Specific). In the alternative strategy - 3, the tender process conducted by PLN or
BUMN which specifically assigned (Badan Pelaksana Panas Bumi) so that
exploration risk mitigation incorporated in the same agency that is expected to
lower the price of geothermal power and geothermal energy to support the
investment climate in Indonesia.;Indonesia currently has geothermal potential reaches 29.038MW spread
over 276 locations. But ironically, with the potential for it, only about 4% of the
potential that has been utilized. Indonesia currently occupies the position of 3
(three) the development of geothermal power plants around the world under the
United States and the Philippines. The thing to note is that despite Indonesia's
geothermal potential is enormous, the development of geothermal power plants to
meet some constraints. Of the tariff, the price of electricity is low and investors'
risk of failure, especially when exploring large enough to invest less encouraging.
So that the required analysis of the business scheme of geothermal development in
Indonesia, as well as supporting factors.
<br><br>
This Tesis analyze the business scheme of geothermal development in
Indonesia as well as the determination of the electricity price of geothermal in
Indonesia in relation to the application of risk sharing mechanism as implemented
by the Philippines and New Zealand in the development of geothermal energy.
The technique used is the technique of Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix
(QSPM) as a quantitative analysis to measure the strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities and threats of each alternative strategy to the business schemes of
geothermal development in Indonesia.
<br>
The results showed that of 3 (three) alternative strategies are formulated
based on the SWOT matrix, then the alternative strategy - 3 selected to be
implemented in Indonesia with Total Attractive Score (TAS) of the major internal
factors of 3.69 and external factors main of 3.86, which is narrowing the price gap
of the geothermal power to mitigate risks and push the level of project risk which
the tender after the implementation of exploration, so the developer can define the
technology, equipment schemes, and investment costs with more accurate (Site
Specific). In the alternative strategy - 3, the tender process conducted by PLN or
BUMN which specifically assigned (Badan Pelaksana Panas Bumi) so that
exploration risk mitigation incorporated in the same agency that is expected to
lower the price of geothermal power and geothermal energy to support the
investment climate in Indonesia.;Indonesia currently has geothermal potential reaches 29.038MW spread
over 276 locations. But ironically, with the potential for it, only about 4% of the
potential that has been utilized. Indonesia currently occupies the position of 3
(three) the development of geothermal power plants around the world under the
United States and the Philippines. The thing to note is that despite Indonesia's
geothermal potential is enormous, the development of geothermal power plants to
meet some constraints. Of the tariff, the price of electricity is low and investors'
risk of failure, especially when exploring large enough to invest less encouraging.
So that the required analysis of the business scheme of geothermal development in
Indonesia, as well as supporting factors.
<br><br>
This Tesis analyze the business scheme of geothermal development in
Indonesia as well as the determination of the electricity price of geothermal in
Indonesia in relation to the application of risk sharing mechanism as implemented
by the Philippines and New Zealand in the development of geothermal energy.
The technique used is the technique of Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix
(QSPM) as a quantitative analysis to measure the strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities and threats of each alternative strategy to the business schemes of
geothermal development in Indonesia.
<br>
The results showed that of 3 (three) alternative strategies are formulated
based on the SWOT matrix, then the alternative strategy - 3 selected to be
implemented in Indonesia with Total Attractive Score (TAS) of the major internal
factors of 3.69 and external factors main of 3.86, which is narrowing the price gap
of the geothermal power to mitigate risks and push the level of project risk which
the tender after the implementation of exploration, so the developer can define the
technology, equipment schemes, and investment costs with more accurate (Site
Specific). In the alternative strategy - 3, the tender process conducted by PLN or
BUMN which specifically assigned (Badan Pelaksana Panas Bumi) so that
exploration risk mitigation incorporated in the same agency that is expected to
lower the price of geothermal power and geothermal energy to support the
investment climate in Indonesia.;Indonesia currently has geothermal potential reaches 29.038MW spread
over 276 locations. But ironically, with the potential for it, only about 4% of the
potential that has been utilized. Indonesia currently occupies the position of 3
(three) the development of geothermal power plants around the world under the
United States and the Philippines. The thing to note is that despite Indonesia's
geothermal potential is enormous, the development of geothermal power plants to
meet some constraints. Of the tariff, the price of electricity is low and investors'
risk of failure, especially when exploring large enough to invest less encouraging.
So that the required analysis of the business scheme of geothermal development in
Indonesia, as well as supporting factors.
<br><br>
This Tesis analyze the business scheme of geothermal development in
Indonesia as well as the determination of the electricity price of geothermal in
Indonesia in relation to the application of risk sharing mechanism as implemented
by the Philippines and New Zealand in the development of geothermal energy.
The technique used is the technique of Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix
(QSPM) as a quantitative analysis to measure the strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities and threats of each alternative strategy to the business schemes of
geothermal development in Indonesia.
<br>
The results showed that of 3 (three) alternative strategies are formulated
based on the SWOT matrix, then the alternative strategy - 3 selected to be
implemented in Indonesia with Total Attractive Score (TAS) of the major internal
factors of 3.69 and external factors main of 3.86, which is narrowing the price gap
of the geothermal power to mitigate risks and push the level of project risk which
the tender after the implementation of exploration, so the developer can define the
technology, equipment schemes, and investment costs with more accurate (Site
Specific). In the alternative strategy - 3, the tender process conducted by PLN or
BUMN which specifically assigned (Badan Pelaksana Panas Bumi) so that
exploration risk mitigation incorporated in the same agency that is expected to
lower the price of geothermal power and geothermal energy to support the
investment climate in Indonesia., Indonesia currently has geothermal potential reaches 29.038MW spread
over 276 locations. But ironically, with the potential for it, only about 4% of the
potential that has been utilized. Indonesia currently occupies the position of 3
(three) the development of geothermal power plants around the world under the
United States and the Philippines. The thing to note is that despite Indonesia's
geothermal potential is enormous, the development of geothermal power plants to
meet some constraints. Of the tariff, the price of electricity is low and investors'
risk of failure, especially when exploring large enough to invest less encouraging.
So that the required analysis of the business scheme of geothermal development in
Indonesia, as well as supporting factors.
<br><br>
This Tesis analyze the business scheme of geothermal development in
Indonesia as well as the determination of the electricity price of geothermal in
Indonesia in relation to the application of risk sharing mechanism as implemented
by the Philippines and New Zealand in the development of geothermal energy.
The technique used is the technique of Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix
(QSPM) as a quantitative analysis to measure the strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities and threats of each alternative strategy to the business schemes of
geothermal development in Indonesia.
<br>
The results showed that of 3 (three) alternative strategies are formulated
based on the SWOT matrix, then the alternative strategy - 3 selected to be
implemented in Indonesia with Total Attractive Score (TAS) of the major internal
factors of 3.69 and external factors main of 3.86, which is narrowing the price gap
of the geothermal power to mitigate risks and push the level of project risk which
the tender after the implementation of exploration, so the developer can define the
technology, equipment schemes, and investment costs with more accurate (Site
Specific). In the alternative strategy - 3, the tender process conducted by PLN or
BUMN which specifically assigned (Badan Pelaksana Panas Bumi) so that
exploration risk mitigation incorporated in the same agency that is expected to
lower the price of geothermal power and geothermal energy to support the
investment climate in Indonesia.] |
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