Sintesa Nanokomposit Epoxy-Organo Clay-Cycloaliphatic Amine dan Karakterisasinya
| Format: | Masters Bachelors |
|---|---|
| Terbitan: |
Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia
, 2007
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
http://lib.ui.ac.id/file?file=digital/20236167-T21011-Sintesa nanokonposit.pdf |
Daftar Isi:
- [dari suatu polimer yang berfungsi sebagai matriks serta organo-clay filler yang berfungsi sebagai penguat. Sintesa nanokomposit epoxy-organo clay telah banyak dilakukan dengan menggunakan berbagai macam curing agent. Tujuan dari penelitan ini adalah untuk melihat pengaruh penggunaan curing agent jenis cycloaliphatic amine dan penambahan kadar organoclay terhadap struktur dan sifat mekanik dari material nanokomposit. Sintesa material nanokomposit epoxy-organo clay dilakukan menggunakan metoda polimersisasi in situ dengan curing agent jenis cycloaliphatic amine dan filler organoclay jenis montmorillonite (MMT). Analisa pengaruh penggunaan curing agent dan penambahan kadar organoclay terhadap struktur nanokomposit dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik difraksi sinar-X (XRD) dan transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Pengujian sifat mekanik meliputi uji tarik, tekan dan kekerasan dengan menggunakan standar ASTM dan JIS. Spesimen hasil uji mekanik di analisa dengan menggunakan SEM. Sebagai material pembanding digunakan matriks epoxy dan material komposit glass fiber. Material komposit glass fiber di sintesa dengan menggunakan metoda wet-laminating. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini dapat ditarik kesimpulan curing agent berpengaruh terhadap pembentukan struktur nanokomposit dengan adanya perubahan lebar d-spacing pada struktur material sebelum dan sesudah penambahan curing agent. Hasil analisa XRD dan TEM pada material hasil sintesa menunjukkan terbentuk struktur gabungan interkalasi dan eksfoliasi. Berdasarkan hasil analisa TEM yang diperoleh, diketahui bahwa struktur interkalasi akan meningkat dengan bertambahnya kadar organoclay. Hasil analisa TEM ini dapat memberikan informasi yang lebih rinci mengenai pengaruh penambahan kadar organoclay terhadap struktur nanokomposit. Penambahan kadar organoclay juga berpengaruh terhadap sifat mekanik matrial nanokomposit. Untuk nanokomposit dengan kadar organoclay 10,5 wt% diperoleh peningkatan nilai modulus sebesar 186% dan penurunan nilai tensile strength sebesar 49% jika dibandingkan dengan matriks epoxynya. Namun nilai modulus dan tensile strength lebih rendah 36% dan 90% jika dibandingkan dengan komposit glass fiber. Penurunan nilai tensile strength disebabkan karena terdapatnya gumpalan organoclay dan void yang terperangkap di dalam material nanokomposit. Dari hasil uji tekan, untuk kadar organoclay 3,1 wt.% diperoleh nilai compression strength dan beban maksimum lebih sebesar 102% dan 93% dari matriks epoxynya. Namun nilai compression strength ini lebih kecil 11% dan nilai beban maksimum lebih besar 246% jika dibandingkan dengan komposit glass fiber. Sedangkan untuk kadar organoclay 7,3 wt.% diperoleh peningkatan nilai modulus sebesar 93% dari matriks epoxynya dan 2% dari kompsit glass fiber. Untuk kadar organoclay 10,5 wt.% diperoleh penurunan nilai yield compression sebesar 31% dari matriks epoxynya dan peningkatan sebesar 406% dari komposit glass fiber. Sedangkan hasil uji kekerasan tidak memperlihatkan peningkatan nilai yang berarti jika dibandingkan dengan matriks epoxynya., Epoxy-organo clay nanocomposite materials are constructed from a polymer as a matrix and an organoclay as filler. Epoxy-organo clay nanocomposites have been synthesized using various curing agents. The aim of this research was to study the influence of the curing agent and the organoclay contents to the structure and mechanical properties of nanocomposites materials. Epoxy-organo clay nanocomposites were synthesized using cycloaliphatic amine as a curing agent and a montmorillonite organoclay (MMT) as filler through an in situ polymerization method. XRD and TEM technique provide more detail information to understand the structure that relates to the mechanical properties of the materials. Tensile test, compressive test and hardness test were conducted based on ASTM and JIS standards. The fracture surfaces after tensile tests were analyzed using SEM. The nanocomposite properties were compared to glass-fiber composites which were synthesized using wet-laminating method. It was found that the curing agent is influence to the nanocomposites structure which was shown by the change of d-spacing before and after the addition of the agent curing. XRD and TEM techniques showed that both intercalated and exfoliated structure have been formed. TEM image also exhibited that the number of intercalated structure was higher when the organoclay content was higher. It can be said that TEM techniques provides a better understanding of the nanocomposites structure and the number intercalated structure increase as the organoclay increases. The organoclay contain also influences to mechanical properties of nanocomposite materials. The addition of 10.5 wt.% organoclay improved the tensile modulus by 185% but and decreased tensile strength by 186% and 49%, and these values are lower of 36% and 90% compared to glass fiber composites. These decreases in the strength may be attributed to the fact that agglomerate and void was formed. From compression test, the addition of 3.1 wt.% organoclay demonstrated a 102% increase in compression strength and a 93% increase in load maximum compare to epoxy resin. But, that compression strength value lower of 11% compared to glass fiber composites. For the maximum load, the addition of 3.1 wt.% organoclay improved 246% compared to glass fiber composites. Addition of 7.3 wt.% organoclay demonstrated an increase of modulus of the epoxy resin by 93% and 2% compare to glass fiber composites. Meanwhile, the addition of 10.5% organoclay cause decreasing in yield compression up to 31%, but this higher value equal to 406% from is glass fiber composites. While that, result of hardness test do not show the make-up of value meaning in comparison with epoxy matrix.]