The Antibiotic resistance profiles of bacterial strains isolated from inpatients and outpatients from five hospitals in Egypt
| Main Author: | Lamees galal1, Mosaad sayed Mohamed2,Riham Shawky3, Neveen AbdelAziz4*and Ramadan Eldomany3 |
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| Format: | Article info Journal |
| Terbitan: |
IJHS Medical Association
, 2015
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
https://www.ijhsonline.com/index.php/IJHS/article/view/74 |
Daftar Isi:
- Background:Multidrug resistance (MDR) of pathogens has become a serious threat for modern human health care. The strategy for the control of antimicrobial resistance lies mainly in the implementation of effective infection control measures and antibiotic auditing.For these measures, it is important to have data on the identification and resistance patterns of clinical bacteria, and to know the magnitude of antimicrobial resistance in hospitals compared with that in the community.Objectives:Evaluation of antibiotic resistance profiles of bacterial strains from inpatients and outpatients. Materials and methods:A total of 417 isolates were obtained from inpatients and outpatients referring to five different hospital laboratories over a one-year period (2010 and 2011). Antibiotic sensitivity and MIC(minimum inhibitory concentration)were determined according to CLSI guidelines.Patient’s data was recorded.Tests for the detection of antimicrobial resistance mechanisms such as β-lactamase production, extended spectrum β-Lactamase and inducible Clindamycin resistance were performed.Results:The ratio of gram negative to gram positive bacteria was 3:1,35.5% were from inpatients and 64.5% were from outpatients.The most prevalent microorganism was Escherichia coli (25.9%) followed by Citrobacter species (19.2%),Staphalococcus aureus (14.6%) , Klebsiella species (9.4%),CON species (8.9%) and Enterobacter species (8.6%).Antibiotic susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae isolates from inpatients and outpatients showed that the highest rates of resistance were to Ampicillin (94.4%,93.7%), followed by Ampicillin/sulbactam (84.3%,70.1%) respectively. High susceptibility to imepenem ,meropenem and amikacin was observed for isolates from both inpatients and outpatients.Enterobacteriaceae isolates from inpatients and outpatients showed 89.9% and 77.6% resistance through β-Lactamase production respectively. 71.3% from the Enterobacteriaceae isolates from inpatients were ESBL positive while 52% from the outpatients were ESBL positive.Conclusion: Our data suggest that antimicrobial resistance among Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli is common and significant in Cairo. Antibiotic-resistant ESBL producing bacteria make up more than half the isolated Gram negative bacilli.