Vitamin B12 Deficiency Prevalence among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
| Main Authors: | Soo Lin Yeoh, Shoen Chuen Chiew |
|---|---|
| Format: | Proceeding poster eJournal |
| Bahasa: | eng |
| Terbitan: |
, 2020
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
https://zenodo.org/record/4007753 |
Daftar Isi:
- Introduction Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients presenting with signs and symptoms of peripheral neuropathy as well as Vitamin B12 deficiency are supplemented with Vitamin B12 without serum B12 testing. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of undiagnosed Vitamin B12 deficiency among T2DM patients in Manjung district and the associated risk factors. Materials & Methods: Study Design: Cross Sectional Study Setting : Outpatient and Medical Outpatient Department (OPD & MOPD) Hospital Seri Manjung (HSM) Study Period : Jun 2016 till May 2017 Minimum sample size: 245 Inclusion criteria: Type 2 DM Patients ≥ 18 years old Visit OPD / MOPD with or without treatment Exclusion criteria: 1. Strict Vegetarians 2. Excessive alcohol consumption 3. Autoimmune disease - Grave's disease & SLE 4. Crohn's or Celiac disease 5. History of surgical removal of stomach/small intestine (short bowel syndrome) 6. Long term (1 year) use of Proton Pump Inhibitor 7. Patient on Vitamin B12 treatment within 3 months prior to participation 8. GDM Patients & Type I DM 9. Patients involved in other ongoing Clinical Trial Data collection: Demography, T2DM and medications were recorded on a pre-tested data collection form. Diabetic neuropathy was screened using Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI). Serum B12 level and full blood picture were tested. Vitamin B12 deficient patients (serum B12 level <156pmol/L) were treated and levels were repeated after 6 months. Results We analysed 291 patients’ data out of 301 recruited. Their median age was 56 years (IQR: 13). Majority were Malay (n=156, 53.6%), female (n=166, 57.0%), had median T2DM diagnosis for 5 years (IQR: 8). Only 8 of them (2.7%) were antidiabetic drug naïve. A total of 260 subjects (89.3%) had current metformin use. The median HbA1c value was 8.1% (IQR: 2.7). The median MNSI score was 2.5 (IQR: 2.5). Discussion The prevalence of Vitamin B12 deficiency among diabetic patients regardless of metformin use was much higher in other studies, than current study. This could be due to the different response among different ethnicity to Metformin use as well as the different dietary habits and lifestyles. We postulated that Vitamin B12 deficiency was not a problem among T2DM patients in Manjung district due to the choice of food with Vitamin B12 sources, probably among certain ethnic groups. Risk factors causing Vitamin B12 deficiency among T2DM could not be determined in current study as the prevalence was very low. Conclusion The prevalence of undiagnosed Vitamin B12 deficiency among T2DM patients in Manjung district was low. The risk factors of Vitamin B12 deficiency could not be determined due to very low prevalence.