Environmental Noise Pollution in Nigerian Universities: A Case Study of the University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| Main Authors: | Ntui, Aniebiet Inyang, Onuu, Michael Ugwu |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article Journal |
| Bahasa: | eng |
| Terbitan: |
, 2004
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
https://zenodo.org/record/5451542 |
Daftar Isi:
- The investigation comprised acoustical and social surveys using the University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria, which shares similar characteristics with many other Nigerian Universities as a case study. The acoustical survey involved wide-range of measurements of vehicle volume, composition and noise levels in over 100 points while questionnaires/interviews were used/conducted in the social survey. A total hourly traffic volume entering the University of Calabar through the Main Gate during noisy period was 2442 in the categories of heavies and buses (0.6%), cars (15.6%) and motorcycles (83.8 %). Noise levels exceeded or equated for 10% of the measurement time period of 1 hour, L. (1h), were calculated to be 69.7 and 70.9 dB (A) for assumed average vehicle speeds of 20 and 40km/h Outdoor day-night noise levels, L were also calculated for the daytime and nighttime periods with a respectively. Outdoor maximum value of 81.7 dB (Maximum indoor noise levels, L. were measured for quiet and noisy periods as 43.0 46.4 dB (A) and 63.5-76.0 d dB (A) respectively while outdoor L for quiet and noisy periods were respectively measured to be 43.7-48.0 dB (A) and 60.0-88.0 dB (A). Temporal noise characteristics plotted for various parts of the University of Calabar for quiet periods and the noise spectrum were fairly flat while fluctuations with peaks and dips characterized temporal plots for noisy periods. Results of social survey showed that noise heard always was that of adults followed by that of road traffic. It was found that the University of Calabar community is very sensitive to noise and that headache constituted the greatest effect of this menace while the least was fatigue.