Comparison of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli from clinical diagnostic submissions and isolates of healthy broilers, turkeys and calves from surveillance and monitoring systems in Germany and France
| Main Authors: | Mesa-Varona, Octavio, Mader, Rodolphe, Granier, Sophie.A, Perrin, Jouy, Eric, Madec, Jean-Yves, Kaspar, Heike, Anjum, Muna, Grobbel, Mirjam, Velasova, Martina, Tenhagen, Bernd-Alois |
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| Format: | info Proceeding Journal |
| Terbitan: |
, 2021
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| Online Access: |
https://zenodo.org/record/4785057 |
Daftar Isi:
- The effectiveness of antibiotics has been reduced since their discovery. Surveillance and monitoring systems are key elements to collect and assess the trends of antibiotic resistance (ABR). Livestock data on ABR are traditionally collected from bacterial populations of clinical and non-clinical isolates. Resistance data on non-clinical isolates are based on the Decision 2013/652/EU in Europe. For clinical isolates, different standards, laboratory methods and methodologies are applied to collect ABR data. Further, a clinical interpretation is preferred in clinical isolates, while an epidemiological approach is frequently used in non-clinical isolates. Lack of harmonization between data types (clinical vs. non-clinical isolates) prevents the data comparison. The Normalized Resistance Interpretation (NRI) method was applied to circumvent the lack of ABR data harmonization between and within countries. Analyses were performed to identify associations between resistance to four antibiotics (ampicillin, gentamicin, nalidixic acid and tetracycline) and the data type variable per animal category (broiler, turkey and calf) within countries. Within countries, higher resistance proportions were found in clinical isolates vs commensal isolates to: gentamicin in broilers from France and in calves from Germany and France, nalidixic acid in calves from France and Germany and tetracycline for calves from France and Germany. In contrast, a higher probability of resistance in non-clinical isolates was encountered for tetracycline in broilers and turkeys from Germany and France and to gentamicin in turkeys from Germany. It seems that the higher presence of resistance in one data type (i.e. clinical or non-clinical isolates) is strongly associated with the relationship between the animal species and the antibiotic. The NRI identifies the wild-type distribution providing approximate epidemiological cut-offs that allow comparing quantitative results from different ABR systems with a different level of harmonization. This method might be regularly used in veterinary medicine and in One Health studies to compare not harmonized ABR systems until international harmonization of ABR is achieved.