Single Particle Strength Distributions: Heavy Tails and Extreme Values
| Main Author: | Cook, Robert F. |
|---|---|
| Format: | Document publication-technicalnote |
| Bahasa: | eng |
| Terbitan: |
, 2020
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
https://zenodo.org/record/4024618 |
Daftar Isi:
- Strength distributions of single particles tested in diametral compression are reviewed. The particles encompass a wide range of material types—glasses, single crystals, weakly bound agglomerates of smaller substituents, and strongly bound polycrystalline aggregates—and encompass a wide range of specimen sizes—from sub-micrometer to tens of millimeters. The particles are regarded as brittle and the strengths are thus regarded as reflecting fracture controlling flaws. Attention is focused on the effects of particle size on experimental strength distributions. Major elements of the review are an extensive survey of particle strength data dating back over 50 years, presentation of strength distribution data in a uniform, unbiassed format, and applications of recently developed analyses to interpret strength distributions in terms of underlying flaw populations. A major finding of the review is that most observed particle strength distributions are concave, not sigmoidal, reflecting flaw populations characterized by a “heavy tail.” The extreme value distributions generated by strength measurements on ensembles of differently sized particles are considered in some detail. In particular, the distinctions between deterministic size effects—in which different size particles systematically sample multiple flaw populations—and stochastic size effects—in which different size particles randomly sample a single flaw population—are made clear. Many of the physical phenomena described here have been obscured by the historical use of linearized coordinates reflecting a Weibull description.