Zethus mexicanus de Saussure 1855
| Main Authors: | Golfetti, Ivan F., Lopes, Rogério B., Noll, Fernando B. |
|---|---|
| Format: | info publication-taxonomictreatment |
| Terbitan: |
, 2020
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
https://zenodo.org/record/3691540 |
Daftar Isi:
- Zethus mexicanus (Linnaeus, 1758) Apis surinamensis Linnaeus, 1758: 575–579. Suriname (?Stocolm); 1767: 953 (renamed Apis mexicana). Olivier, 1789: 66 (Suriname; French Guiana: Cayenne). Type: Holotype: Suriname: male, UK (Museu Nacional Railway). Apis mexicana Linnaeus, 1767: 953 (new name A. surinamensis Linnaeus, 1758). Muller, 1775: 892. Olivier, 1789: 79. Gmelin, 1790: 2772. Christ, 1791: 199. Vespa recurvirostris DeGeer, 1773: 579. “ Brazil ” (Lectotype male in Stocolm). Retzius, 1783: 63. de Saussure,1855: 116 (syn. of Z. mexicanus; genus Zethus). Type: Lectotype: Brazil: male, Stocolm (Swedish Museum of Natural History). Vespa mexicana; Olivier, 1792: 673 (French Guiana: Caiena). Tigny, 1802: 66 (Suriname; French Guiana: Caiena); 1828: 280 (Suriname; French Guiana: Caiena). Vespa cyanipennis Fabricius, 1793: 277. (Guyane Franceise—“Cayenne”) (Lectotype female in Kobenhavn). Coquebert, 1799: 2. Jurine, 1807: 170. Type: Lectotype: French Guiana: Caiena, female, Denmark (Museum Zoologist Universidad of Copenhague). Eumenes cyanipennis Latreille, 1802: 361; 1805: 345. Polistes cyanipennis Fabricius, 1804: 275 (French Guiana:Caiena). Latreille, 1809: 138 (syn. de Eumenes (Zethus) coeruleopennis). Lepeletier, 1825: 172. Zethus cyanipennis Klug, 1807: 52. Lamarck, 1817: 84; 1835: 301 (French Guiana: Caiena). de Saussure, 1855: 116 (syn. Z. mexicanus (Linnaeus) genus Zethus); 1852: 12 (female, male, French Guiana: Caiena); 1858: 63. Desmarest, 1859: 143. de Saussure, 1875: 17 (syn. de Z. recurvirostris (DeGeer) genus Zethus). Bohart & Stange, 1962: 30 (Lectotype); 1965: 133 (syn. mexicanus mexicanus (Linnnaeus)). Zethus lugubris Perty, 1833: 144, female (Brazil, “Provincia Piauhiensi”), (München). de Saussure, 1852: 11, female (Brazil). Smith, 1857: 10 (catalogue). de Saussure, 1875: 17 (syn. de Z. recurvirostris (DeGeer) genus Zethus). new. syn. Type: Holotype: Brazil: Brasília, female, France (MNHN). Examined. Zethus mexicanus de Saussure, 1855: 116 (syns.: Z. cyanipennis (Fabricius) and Vespa recurvirostris DeGeer). Smith, 1857: 11 (catalogue). Dalla Torre, 1894: 12 (catalogue); 1904: 16 (catalogue). Ducke, 1905: 171. Schulz, 1905: 106. Brèthes, 1906: 6 (Paraguay: Assunção). Ducke, 1910: 119 (Brazil; Paraguay). Zavattari, 1911: 44 (Paraguay: 3 localities); 1912: 10 (key), 16 (synonymic). Cameron, 1912: 224 (Guyana). Ducke, 1914: 320, 326 (nest). Bertoni, 1918: 205 (Paraguay). van der Vecht, 1959: 211 (note in the name Linnaeus). Zethus cyanipennis var. lugubris de Saussure, 1858: 63. Zethus recurvirostris de Saussure, 1875: 17 (genus Zethus; syn.: Vespa mexicana Linnaeus, cyanipennis Fabricius; Brazil). Fox, 1899: 407 (Brazil: Chapada). Bohart & Stange, 1965: 133 (Lectotype; syn. Z. mexicanus (Linnaeus)). Zethus mexicanus var. lugubris Dalla Torre, 1894: 12 (cataloghe). Brèthes, 1903: 250. Dalla Torre, 1904: 16 (catalogue). Bertoni, 1918: 205 (Paraguay). Bodkin, 1918: 312 (Guiana). Zethus mexicanus lugubris Zavattari, 1912: 19 (genus Zethus; Brazil). Bohart and Stange, 1965: 128 (key), (subgenus Zethusculus; syn.: Z. mexicanus rufus Zavattari; Brazil; Peru; Bolivia; Paraguay). Stange, 1975: 80, 89, 92 (key). n. syn. Zethus mexicanus rufus Zavattari, 1912: 19, female (genus Zethus) (“Brazilien: Salto Grande”) (Berlin). Bohart and Stange, 1965: 132 (synonymic Z. mexicanus lugubris Perty subgenus Zethusculus). Zethus mexicanus mexicanus Zavattari, 1912: 19 (genus Zethus: México; Brazil; Suriname; French Guiana; Colombia; Paraguay). Zethus surinamensis Bertoni, 1921: 11 (propose of change the name mexicanus to surinamensis). Zethus mexicanus mexicanus Bohart & Stange, 1965: 13, 16, 128 (key), (male; subgenus Zethusculus; synonymic; Colombia; Venezuela; Peru; Trinidad; Guiana; Suriname; French Guiana; norte do Brazil). Stange, 1997: 319 (Venezuela). stat. rev. Zethus mexicanus erythrogena Bohart & Stange, 1965: 128 (key), (male, female, subgenus Zethusculus) (“ Brazil: Diamantina, Minas Gerais ”) (Holotype male); and another localities in Brazil. n. syn. Type: Holotype: Brazil: Diamantina, Minas Gerais, male, USA (Cornell University). Paratype: Brazil: Minas Gerais: Pirapara, ♀, Brazil (MZUSP). Examined . Material additional examined: 21♂, 33♀. (Appendix I). Diagnosis. Large individuals. Only member of the group with angled tegula (Fig. 5A). Redescription. Male:As described for Z. brasiliensis except: Coloration: black head except: apex of clypeus reddish; mesopleura, metapleura, metanotum, propodeum, petiole ventrally and legs red-orange. Structure: Tegula with posterior margin angled; the anterior surface of the mesepisternum micro-striate; S5 and S6 with robust ligulate processes. Sculpture: Strio-punctuation above the carina interantennal less evident. Chaeototaxy: Yellowish; T3 to T7, hairiness is not so visible. Female:As described for the male except: Coloration: Clypeus all black; antennae without yellowish areas. Structure: Clypeus without concavity and apical teeth; mandible tetradentated with the third tooth molariform; anterior face of the mesepisternum without micro-stries. Sculpture: Absence of transverse interantennal carina and frontal strio-punctuation. Variations: Some specimens, both males as females, feature a variation about the coloring in the following parts: clypeus almost completely reddish in males and at least two-thirds in females; mandibles and gena reddish; petiole may be from completely dark until completely red. This gradient of coloration was used for differentiation of the subspecies Z. m. mexicanus, Z. m. erythrogena and Z. m. lugubris.
- Published as part of Golfetti, Ivan F., Lopes, Rogério B. & Noll, Fernando B., 2020, Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of the species of Zethus mexicanus group (Linnaeus, 1758) sensu Bohart & Stange, 1965 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae), pp. 337-358 in Zootaxa 4743 (3) on pages 348-349, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4743.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/3688233