ПРОБЛЕМИ АУГМЕНТАЦІЇ В ЕРГОДИЗАЙНІ. РЕАЛІЇ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ
| Main Authors: | Васіна О. В., Дуднік М. Г. |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article Journal |
| Bahasa: | ukr |
| Terbitan: |
, 2019
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
https://zenodo.org/record/2531788 |
Daftar Isi:
- Augmentation today is a multilevel and diverse phenomenon that carries both undeniable advantages and significant risks. An augmentation is a definitely positive phenomenon for people with special needs, which promotes rehabilitation and reintegration of these people into society. The attitude to the prosthesis as a design object has fundamentally changed in accordance with the new paradigm of human vision. The involvement of the latest technologies in the process of this problem solving has expanded the range of augmented people. The fundamental point of these people is the desire not to reconstruct the body, but to make it better than it was, to choose prostheses that are not like human limbs, focusing on the mechanism and material of the prosthesis. They want not to copy, but to improve the limbs they need, which will be better and stronger than those that have been lost. This trend is well-defined in the projects of many designers who see the meaning of their work not only in the eradication of disability, but also the removal of borders between man and technology. The attention of designers has revealed a number of issues regarding the correspondence of form and function, ergonomics,aesthetic characteristics, style, etc. Without downgrading the role of ergonomic requirements, in many cases the author’s artistic vision of the product design remains crucial. Confirmation of such thoughts validity can be seen in numerous projects around the world. Such designers and specialists as Scott Summit, Sophie de Oliveira Barat, Michael Goldfarb, Hugh Gerr, Hans Alexander Husklepp and others. The use of the latest technologies in this sector is being discussed by transhumanists, specialists in medicine, ethics, and aesthetics regarding the controversial issues of the indefi nite boundaries of human physical qualities extending. The high quality level of cyberprosthetics is achieved by agreeing on issues of ergonomic criteria and unique design solutions, but nevertheless the very aesthetic aspect raises a number of issues that need to be comprehended. The artistic and stylistic decision of such projects is often associated with characters in movies, computer games, comics, etc. Such attributes of augmentation become steady, and this is supported by the ideology of pop culture and the entertainment industry, which at the modern level of technological support simulates a virtual and complementary reality and erases the boundaries between fantastic cyborgs and real people. Extravagant image, high-tech body augmentation creates for them the image of trendsetters of a new era. Mechanical prosthesis as in fantastic fiction are embodied in reality. Many amputees themselves become designers of their own bodies, confirming by their example the possibility of their bodies modeling variability. Considering all the possibilities of the project area, it can be argued that design as an integral part of the design culture can be a key element in solving many contradictions in the phenomenon of augmentation. Objectives.To analyze new opportunities, prospects and risk factors in design, due to the phenomenon of augmentation. To investigate the influence of the latest technologies in the field of ergodesign, to predict the role of the designer in the design process under the conditions of the “fourth wave” of the industrial revolution. Methods. Investigating the augmentation phenomenon as a design problem, many researchers used methods, which revealed aspects that are typical for design-related industries, primarily engineering, psychology, philosophy. In the framework of this article, we analyze the problem of human capabilities extending, and in particular prosthetics, in the context of design. Results. The prospects of further development in the ergodesign area are beyond doubt, and in the future this segment of products will grow and develop. However, despite all the positive moments, there are certain risks that are associated with the value motivation of preserving the natural body of a person as such. With all the positive points, it should be noted that a number of issues remain open. Conclusions. According to the results of the work, the following conclusions can be drawn. It was determined that the aspect of ergonomics, which modern designers care about, designing prosthetics and other means of augmentation, has resulted the ergodesign to get the value of the interdisciplinary direction, which clearly corresponds the following trends: • the increase of the device functionality; • joint work at the level of “empathetic” design, in the desire of the designer to better understand the consumer when deciding the artistic image of this segment object development; • constant attempts of deep integration of high-tech prosthetics and the biological body of a person with the prospect of replacing body parts with more functional prosthesis; • at the level of solving socio-cultural problems of rehabilitation and reintegration of amputees in ordinary life, prosthetics, created by designers, act as means of mass non-verbal communication. It is revealed that with all benefits, open issues remain about modern technologies, which led to new requirements and criteria for the creation of such ergodesign objects as prosthetics, with qualitative characteristics not adequate to human capabilities, because: – the extent, degree and scope of augmentation are not defined today neither technically nor in the social and legal field; – the utility of artificial limbs, according to some data, already surpasses the natural ones and in the course of time there may be a problem of discrimination towards the ordinary people. It is noted that one of the most serious problems is the loss of anthropogenetic characteristics by a person, as a value category.