EGG QUALITY DETERMINATION OF F1 AND F2 CHICKEN SELECTED CROSSBRED OF BROILER COBB 500 x PELUNG
| Main Authors: | Mahardhika, I Wayan Swarautama, Saragih, Hendry T.S.S.G., Widiyanto, Slamet, Daryono, Budi Setiadi |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article info application/pdf eJournal |
| Bahasa: | ind |
| Terbitan: |
The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University
, 2022
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| Online Access: |
https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/buletinvet/article/view/75029 https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/buletinvet/article/view/75029/43662 |
Daftar Isi:
- Egg quality can determine the fertility and reproductive efficiency of chickens. Selective breeding of Kambro chickens might have influenced the egg quality. This study aims to determine the influence of a selective breeding program on the egg quality of two Kambro chicken generations, F1 Kambro (F2K)-crossbred and F2 Kambro (F2K)-inbred. Inbreeding coefficient (F) and rate of inbreeding (Fx) of F2K chickens were calculated. The egg collection record was analyzed based on its productivity, phenotype, weight, index, and exterior egg quality parameters. Exterior egg quality parameters were analyzed with mathematical formulae. Egg productivity in Hen Day Production (HDP) of F1K and F2K chickens for 270-days, respectively, was 24% and 16.5%. The heterosis value of F2K chicken was -31.25% indicating an inbreeding depression in egg productivity. The egg phenotype of F2K was classified into light-brown, cream, brown, and white. The mean egg weight (EW) of F1K and F2K, respectively, was 53.34 ± 2.34-grams and 54.92 ± 9.25-grams, thus were classified as small eggs. The eggshape index of F1K and F2K, respectively, were dominated by sharp eggs and round eggs. Exterior egg quality parameters of F1K and F2K based on GMD could be used as a predictor variable, meanwhile Sp (r = 1, p<0.001) could not be used to describe the disposition of the regression curve. The Fx and F values of F2K, respectively, were 4.925% and 25% close to the tolerance level of inbred-line inbreeding depression. Inbreeding depression was correlated with productivity and egg characteristics depression between F1K and F2K. Parental selection in a selective breeding program must be based on several factors, including inbreeding depression, inbreeding coefficient, inbreeding rate, and egg quality. The implementation of genomic selection may provide a solution to minimalize the effect and fluctuations of Fx and F.
- Kualitas telur dapat menentukan fertilitas dan efisiensi reproduktif ayam. Pemuliabiakan selektif ayam hibrida Kambro diduga mempengaruhi kualitas telur. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh pemuliabiakan selektif terhadap kualitas telur dua generasi ayam hibrida F1 Kambro (F1K)-biak silang dan F2 Kambro (F2K)-biak dalam. Nilai koefisien (F) dan laju biak-dalam (Fx) ayam F2K dihitung. Rekam data telur ayam dianalisis berdasarkan produktivitas, fenotipe, berat, indeks, dan parameter kualitas eksterior telur. Parameter kualitas eksterior telur dianalisis dengan formula matematis. Produktivitas telur dalam hen day production (HDP) ayam F1K dan F2K selama 270 hari secara berurutan yaitu 24% dan 16,5%. Heterosis pada F2K sebesar -31,25% menunjukkan terdapatnya tekanan biak-dalam terhadap produktivitas telur. Fenotipe telur ayam F2K terbagi empat yaitu light-brown, cream, brown, dan white. Rerata berat telur (EW) ayam F1K dan F2K secara berurutan yaitu 53,34 ± 2,34-gram dan 54,92 ± 9,25-gram, maka tergolong ke dalam kategori small egg. Indeks bentuk telur ayam F1K dan F2K secara berurutan didominasi oleh sharp egg dan round egg. Parameter kualitas eksterior telur ayam F1K dan F2K berdasarkan GMD dapat digunakan sebagai variabel prediktor, sementara Sp (r = 1, p<0,001) tidak menggambarkan pengaruh pergeseran kurva regresi. Nilai Fx dan F ayam F2K secara berurutan yaitu 4,925% dan 25% tepat pada batas ambang toleransi biak-dalam inbred line. Tekanan biak-dalam berhubungan dengan depresi produktivitas dan karakter telur antara ayam F1K dan F2K. Pemilihan indukan pada pemuliabiakan selektif wajib memperhatikan faktor tekanan biak-dalam, nilai koefisien, lajunya, dan kualitas telur. Penerapan seleksi genomik berpeluang dalam meminimalisir pengaruh dan lonjakan nilai Fx dan F.