RECENT DEVELOPMENT IN INVESTIGATION OF CHICKEN LEPTIN GENE: A REVIEW
| Main Authors: | Mahardhika, I Wayan Swarautama, Daryono, Budi Setiadi |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article info application/pdf eJournal |
| Bahasa: | ind |
| Terbitan: |
The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University
, 2021
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| Online Access: |
https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/buletinvet/article/view/50370 https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/buletinvet/article/view/50370/38577 |
Daftar Isi:
- The leptin coding gene (LEP) investigation in several avian species has been carried out in-depth for over 20 years. Genomic expression of LEP gene in numbers of avian species has been identified, including Falco peregrinus and Falco cherrug, Pseudopodoces humilis, Taeniopygia guttata, Columba livia, Haliaeetus leucocephalus, Picoides pubescens, and Melopsittacus undulatus. However, molecular genetics identification of LEP gene expression in chicken (G. g. gallus) is still debated. The Indonesian indigenous chicken poultry industry is growing rapidly, with some limitations, one of which involves Indonesian indigenous chicken's productivity. Indonesian indigenous chicken contributes 23% of national food consumption annually. Increased productivity of Indonesian indigenous chicken can be achieved through selective breeding. Selective breeding seeks to improve the genetic quality of Indonesian indigenous chicken by empowering Indonesian indigenous chicken germplasm. Selective breeding allows the production of meat-type and layer-type hybrids with superior characteristics following the design of the specified crossing pattern. Selective breeding requires both Mendelian and molecular genetics as guidance and evaluation methods to maintain breeding direction effectiveness. Several identified genes that have a significant implication on chicken productivity have been researched thoroughly. However, several other important gene candidates, including the LEP gene, still require in-depth research. This review integrates several studies on the chicken LEP gene from the initial discovery until the latest breakthrough.
- Perkembangan investigasi gen pengkode leptin (LEP) pada beberapa spesies golongan aves telah dilakukan secara mendalam selama kurun waktu 20 tahun. Ekspresi gen LEP pada genom beberapa spesies aves telah teridentifikasi diantaranya Falco peregrinus dan Falco cherrug, Pseudopodoces humilis, Taeniopygia guttata, Columba livia, Haliaeetus leucocephalus, Picoides pubescens, dan Melopsittacus undulatus. Namun identifikasi genetika molekuler gen LEP pada ayam (G. gallus gallus) masih diperdebatkan. Perkembangan industri peternakan ayam lokal asli Indonesia tergolong pesat, namun masih memiliki beberapa keterbatasan salah satunya produktivitas ternak ayam lokal asli Indonesia. Pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan nasional salah satunya berasal dari sektor peternakan unggas khususnya ayam lokal asli Indonesia dengan kontribusi sebesar 23% per tahun. Peningkatan produktivitas peternakan ayam lokal asli Indonesia dapat dicapai dengan persilangan selektif. Persilangan selektif berupaya dalam meningkatkan mutu genetik ternak ayam lokal asli Indonesia dengan memberdayakan plasma nutfah ayam lokal asli Indonesia. Persilangan selektif memungkinkan dihasilkannya hibrida ayam pedaging dan petelur dengan karakteristik unggul sesuai dengan rancangan pola persilangan yang ditetapkan. Dalam proses persilangan selektif dibutuhkan penerapan genetika Mendelian dan molekuler sebagai panduan dan evaluasi arah seleksi guna meningkatkan efektivitas persilangan. Beberapa gen yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produktivitas ayam telah berhasil diidentifikasi, namun beberapa kandidat gen penting lainnya seperti gen LEP masih membutuhkan riset yang mendalam. Ulasan ini mengintegrasikan riset gen LEP pada ayam dari awal penemuan hingga terobosan terkini.