Resistensi Galur-galur Tembakau Kasturi Terhadap Phytophthora nicotianae, Ralstonia solanacearum dan Cucumber Mosaic Virus
| Main Authors: | Suhara, Cece; Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat, Hidayah, Nurul |
|---|---|
| Other Authors: | Sadhana |
| Format: | Article info application/pdf eJournal |
| Bahasa: | ind |
| Terbitan: |
Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat
, 2020
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
http://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/bultas/article/view/11301 http://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/bultas/article/view/11301/pdf_2 |
Daftar Isi:
- Penyakit utama tembakau disebabkan oleh Phytophthora nicotianae vßdH var. nicotianae Waterhouse, Ralstonia solanacearum dan Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV). Sampai saat ini belum diperoleh varietas tembakau kasturi yang tahan terhadap penyakit utama tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi ketahanan galur-galur unggul tembakau kasturi terhadap penyakit utama. Penelitian disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok diulang tiga kali. Galur yang dievaluasi sebanyak 10 galur dengan kontrol varietas tahan dan rentan sebagai pembanding. Masing-masing unit ditanam 10 tanaman. Benih tumbuh ditanam pada polybag dengan 10 L tanah steril. Inokulum P. nicotianae, R. solanacearum dan CMV diambil dari tanaman sakit yang diperoleh dari lokasi tanaman tembakau di Jember. Isolasi jamur P. nicotianae menggunakan metode baiting pada buah apel dan perbanyakannya menggunakan media CMA. Inokulasi P. nicotianae melalui akar yang dilukai pada umur 2 minggu setelah pindah tanam di polybag, dengan menuangkan suspensi jamur 10 mL per tanaman (kepadatan spora 106/mL). Isolasi dan perbanyakan bakteri R. solanacearum pada media buatan CPG (Casein Pepton Glucose) dan inokulasi melalui akar tanaman dengan menuangkan suspensi bakteri sebanyak 10 mL per tanaman (kerapatan bakteri 106cfu/mL). Pemurnian inokulum CMV secara berantai dan inokulasinya secara mekanis pada umur dua minggu setelah tanam. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 4 galur tahan terhadap P. nicotianae (Dark A, Dark B, Jepon Pote dan Marakot); 8 galur tahan terhadap R. solanacearum (Dark A, Dark B, Penang pendek, Jepon Pote, Marakot, Kasturi 1, Kasturi 2, dan Asal Petani), dan tidak ada galur yang tahan terhadap CMV. Resistance Level of Kasturi Tobacco Lines to Phytophthora nicotianae, Ralstonia solanacearum, and Cucumber Mosaic VirusABSTRACT The main tobacco diseases are caused by Phytophthora nicotianae vßdH var. nicotianae Waterhouse, Ralstonia solanacearum and Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV). There has not been any variety of kasturi tobacco which is resistant to those major diseases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the resistance level of kasturi tobacco lines to the main tobacco diseases. The study was arranged in a Randomized Group Design with three replicates. Ten lines were evaluated with control of resistant and susceptible varieties as a comparison. Each unit is planted with 10 plants. Growing seeds were planted in polybags with 10 L of sterile soil. Inoculum of P. nicotianae, R. solanacearum and CMV were taken from infected plants obtained from tobacco plant in Jember. Isolation of P. nicotianae using the baiting method on apples and propagation using CMA media. Inoculation of P. nicotianae through injured roots at 2 weeks after transplanting in polybags, by pouring the inoculum suspension of 10 mL per plant (spore density 106/mL). Isolation and propagation of R. solanacearum were on CPG (Casein Pepton Glucose) media and inoculation through plant roots by pouring bacterial suspension as much as 10 mL per plant (bacterial density 106 cfu/mL). Purification of the CMV inoculum was in chain and mechanical inoculation was done at two weeks after planting. The evaluation results showed that there were 4 lines resistant to P. nicotianae (Dark A, Dark B, Jepon Pote and Marakot); 8 lines are resistant to R. solanacearum (Dark A, Dark B, Short Penang, Jepon Pote, Marakot, Kasturi 1, Kasturi 2, and Farmer Origins), and no lines are resistant to CMV.