Strategi Pengendalian Konversi Lahan Sawah untuk Mempertahankan Swasembada Pangan di Kabupaten Toba: Strategies to Control Paddy Field Conversion for Mantaining Food Sufficiency in Toba Regency
| Main Authors: | Manalu, Tugma Jaya, Panuju, Dyah Retno, Sudadi, Untung |
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| Format: | Article info application/pdf eJournal |
| Bahasa: | ind |
| Terbitan: |
Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian, IPB University
, 2022
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jtanah/article/view/43138 http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jtanah/article/view/43138/24770 |
Daftar Isi:
- The food crisis is an important issue faced by many countries, including Indonesia. Paddy field conversion caused decreasing rice production in many regions, one of which is in Toba Regency. Paddy field conversion should be controlled strategically to maintain the existence of the field for food production. This study aims: 1) to identify the conversion, availability, and rice needs 2) to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT factor) affecting paddy field conversion, 3) to generate strategies that control paddy field conversion. The SWOT factors were identified through descriptive methods, literature studies, and interviews. The strategies were constructed using a hybrid Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and SWOT method. The results showed that rice availability decreased by -7,030 and demand increased by 4,001 tons between 2010 and 2020 due to paddy field conversion by 3,529 ha and increasing population. The main strength to be considered for controlling paddy field conversion is managing rice land, while the main weakness that might hinder the strategy is the low level of farmer education. Moreover, the main opportunity is supporting accessibility, and the main threat was regulation concerning sustainable agricultural land. The essential strategies to control paddy field conversion in Toba Regency include Land Protection Regulation, the subsidy of production input to farmers, and use of the local government budget to build agricultural infrastructure.
- Krisis pangan menjadi isu penting yang dihadapi banyak negara, salah satunya Indonesia. Konversi lahan sawah menyebabkan penurunan produksi beras di berbagai wilayah seperti di Kabupaten Toba. Konversi lahan sawah perlu dikendalikan secara strategis untuk mempertahankan eksistensinya sebagai area produksi pangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengidentifikasi isu konversi, ketersediaan, dan kebutuhan beras, 2) mengindentifikasi faktor kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang, dan ancaman (faktor SWOT) pengendalian konversi lahan sawah, 3) menyusun strategi pengendalian konversi lahan sawah di Kabupaten Toba. Faktor SWOT diidentifikasi melalui metode desktriptif, studi pustaka, dan wawancara. Strategi pengendalian dianalisis menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) dan Strenghts, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats (SWOT). Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa ketersediaan beras turun sebesar 7,030 ton dan kebutuhan naik sebesar 4,001 ton pada periode 2010-2020 disebabkan konversi lahan sawah sebesar 3,529 ha dan peningkatan jumlah penduduk. Faktor kekuatan utama dalam pengendalian konversi lahan sawah yaitu kesesuaian lahan padi, kelemahan utama yaitu tingkat pendidikan rendah sampai sedang, peluang utama yaitu aksesibilitas mendukung, dan acaman utama yaitu PERDA LP2B belum ditetapkan. Prioritas utama strategi pengendalian konversi lahan sawah di Kabupaten Toba yaitu penyusunan PERDA LP2B, memberikan bantuan input produksi kepada petani, dan mengalokasikan dana APBD pada sektor pertanian untuk pembangunan infrastruktur pertanian.