CAKUPAN SUPLEMENTASI KAPSUL VITAMIN A PADA IBU MASA NIFAS DAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI DI INDONESIA ANALISIS DATA RISKESDAS 2010
| Main Authors: | Sandjaja, Sandjaja; Pusat Teknologi Terapan Kesehatan dan Epidemiologi Klinik. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan RI, Ridwan, Endi; Pusat Teknologi Terapan Kesehatan dan Epidemiologi Klinik. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan RI |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article application/pdf eJournal |
| Bahasa: | ind |
| Terbitan: |
Pusat Humaniora, Kebijakan Kesehatan dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat
, 2013
|
| Online Access: |
http://ejournal.litbang.depkes.go.id/index.php/hsr/article/view/2971 |
Daftar Isi:
- ABSTRACT Background: Vitamin A supplementation program for postparum mothers has been implemented in lndonesia since 1996. The objective is to improve vitamin A status of postpartum mother and newborn through improvement of vitamin A status in breastmilk. However, Riskesdas 2010, across-sectional nationwide health study, reveals that the coverage is lower than in children underfives. In order to improve the coverage, there is a need to analyze factors associated with high or low coverage. The objective of this paper is to assess vitamin A coverage for postpartum mothers and factors of household, mother, access to health services that favour or limit the coverage. Methods: Riskesdas 2010 collected information on whether 19,000 samples mother 10-59 years having living children underfives received vitamin A capsules during postpartum period of the last child. A multivariate logistic regression was used to measure odd ratio. Vitamin A supplementation coverage among mother (in pospartum period) was 56.1%, varies 35-70% among provinces, higher in urban (61.4%) than in rural areas (50.8%). Gdd ratios of mothers who didn't receive capsule are significantlyassociated with not having neonatal care (AGR = 2,334, 95% CI 2,156-2,530), not receiving iron tablet during pregnancy (AGR = 2,076,95% CI 1,874-2,298), ANC 3 times or less (AGR = 1.252,95% CI 1,095-1,431), without ANC (AGR = 1,355, 95% CI 1,217-1,510), not receiving TT immunization (AGR = 1,245, 95% CI 1, 156-1,341). The coverage is also significantly associated with not attending Posyandu, low education, did not know Polindes with AGR slightly above 1, but not associated with age and marital status. Results: The analysis shows that factors significantly associated with the coverage are mostly assessibility of health care of mothers during pregnancy and delivery High coverage of vitamin A supplementation should be improved by increasing access of women during pregnancy and delivery in community and health education on importance of vitamin A supplementation. Key words: vitamin A supplementation, post-partum mothers, acces to health services, household characteristics ABSTRAK Program suplementasi kapsul vitamin A pada ibu nifas di lndonesia sejak 1996 bertujuan meningkatkan status vitamin A ibu nifas dan diteruskan ke bayi melalui ASI. Riskesdas 2010 menunjukkan hanya satu dari 2 ibu nifas mendapatkan kapsul vitamin A, lebih rendah dibanding cakupan balita. Tulisan ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor rumah tangga, ibu, dan akses pelayanan kesehatan yang berperan dalam cakupan kapsul vitamin A pada ibu nifas. Penelitian menggunakan data sekunder Riskesdas 2010, mencakup 19.000 ibu 10-59 tahun yang ditanyakan mendapat kapsul vitamin A saat masa nifas anak terakhir yang lahir pada periode lima tahun terakhir. Analisis regresi logistik multivariat dilakukan untuk mengetahui odd rasio cakupan kapsul vitamin A. Cakupan suplementasi vitamin A ibu nifas 56,1% bervariasi 35-70% antar provinsi, lebih tinggi di perkotaan (61,4%) dibandingkan perdesaan (50,8%). Analisis multivariat menunjukkan odd rasio ibu nifas tidak menerima kapsul vitamin A berhubungan nyata jika bayinya tidak mendapatkan pemeriksaan neonatus (AGR = 2,334 95% CI 2, 156-2,530), ibu tidak mendapatkan pil besi (AGR = 2,076,95% CI 1,874-2,298), periksa hamil 1-3 kali (AGR = 1.252,95% CI 1,095-1,431), atau tidak periksa hamil (AGR = 1,355, 95% CI 1,217-1,510), tidak imunisasi TT (AGR = 1,245,95% CI 1, 156-1,341). Cakupan juga berhubungan nyata dengan tidak ke posyandu, tidak tahu lokasi polindes atau RS, pendidikan ibu rendah, tinggal di perdesaan walaupun dengan nilai AGR mendekati nilai 1, tetapi tidak nyata dengan umur dan status perkawinan ibu. Nilai AGR menunjukkan akses pelayanan kesehatan sejak kehamilan sampai persalinan merupakan faktor utama tingginya cakupan suplementasi vitamin A. Cakupan masih perlu ditingkatkan dengan perbaikan akses pelayanan kesehatan bumil dan persalinan di masyarakat dan penyuluhan bumiI. Kata kunci; suplementasi vitamin A, ibu nifas, akses pelayanan kesehatan, karakteristik rumah tangga