Penyelenggaraan Sistem Presidensil Berdasarkan Konstitusi Yang Pernah Berlaku Di Indonesia
| Main Author: | S, Laurensius Arliman |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article info application/pdf Journal |
| Bahasa: | ind |
| Terbitan: |
Fakultas Hukum Universitas Nahdlatul Wathan Mataram
, 2019
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| Online Access: |
http://jurnal.fhunwmataram.ac.id/index.php/jfhunw/article/view/44 http://jurnal.fhunwmataram.ac.id/index.php/jfhunw/article/view/44/11 |
Daftar Isi:
- A presidential system government is a government in which the executive position is not accountable to the representative body of the people, in other words the executive power is outside (direct) parliamentary oversight. Not only is presidentialism and a multiparty system a "difficult combination", it also opens up opportunities for deadlocks in executive and legislative relations which then impact on the instability of presidential democracy. The government system in the constitutional trajectory that applies is as much as 5 times, it is divided into: three times using a presidential system, one time Quasi Parliamentary (Quasi Parliamentary), and one time using a presidential system. In a coalition government, political parties are not responsible for raising the president in the election so political parties tend to leave the president who is no longer popular. Presidential elections are always there before the eyes so that political parties try as much as possible to keep distance from various presidential policies, which may be good, but not populist. The reason for the incompatibility, is likely to bring down the government unconstitutionally. The magnitude of the opportunity for unconstitutional change of government is very relative because in a presidential system it is very difficult to reduce an elected president. We can feel the multi-party effects in Indonesia, namely the difficulty of the President to make decisions relating to the problems of national life and strategic state. Actually the position of the President is very strong because the president is directly elected by the people not elected by the DPR. But in the case of the issuance and ratification of the presidential legislation the DPR needs support.
- Pemerintahan sistem presidensil adalah suatu pemerintahan dimana kedudukan eksekutif tidak bertanggung jawab kepada badan perwakilan rakyat, dengan kata lain kekuasaan eksekutif berada diluar pengawasan (langsung) parlemen. Presidensialisme dan sistem multipartai bukan hanya merupakan “kombinasi yang sulit”, melainkan juga membuka peluang terjadinya deadlock dalam relasi eksekutif dan legislatif yang kemudian berdampak pada instabilitas demokrasi presidensial. Sistem pemerintahan dalam lintasan konstitusi yang berlaku adalah sebanyak 5 kali, hal ini terbagi dari: tiga kali memakai sisten presidensil, satu kali Parlementer Semu (Quasi Parlementer), dan satu kali memakai sistem presidensil. Dalam koalisi pemerintahan, parpol tidak bertanggung jawab menaikkan presiden dalam pemilu sehingga parpol cenderung meninggalkan presiden yang tidak lagi popular. Pemilu presiden selalu ada di depan mata sehingga partai politik berusaha sebisa mungkin menjaga jarak dengan berbagai kebijakan presiden, yang mungkin baik, tetapi tidak populis. Alasan ketidakcocokan, kemungkinan akan menjatuhkan pemerintah secara inkonstitusional. Besarnya peluang pergantian pemerintah secara inkonstitusional amat relatif karena dalam sistem presidensialisme amat sulit menurunkan presiden terpilih. Akibat multi partai di Indonesia dapat kita rasakan bersama, yaitu sulitnya Presiden untuk membuat keputusan berkaitan dengan masalah kehidupan berbangsa dan negara yang strategis. Sebenarnya posisi Presiden sangat kuat karena presiden dipilih langsung oleh rakyat bukan dipilih oleh DPR. Tetapi dalam hal penerbitan dan pengesahan perundang-undangan presiden perlu dukungan DPR.